牡蛎壳粉-腐植酸联用对设施白菜吸收镉的影响

Effect of oyster shell-humic acid co-application on the uptake of cadmi- um in Chinese cabbage

摘要

重金属镉(Cd)是设施菜地的主要污染物之一。为探究不同有机与无机钝化剂复配施用对设施土壤中重金属Cd的钝化效果，通过大棚试验，研究外源单施牡蛎壳粉(0、0.23、0.45 kg·m^-2)和复配牡蛎壳粉-腐植酸(0.23 kg·m^-2+7.5 g·m^-2)对土壤理化性质、白菜的生长及转运Cd的影响。结果表明，与CK (常规施肥)相比，单施牡蛎壳粉能够提高土壤pH 0.12~0.27，而牡蛎壳粉及其与腐植酸复配处理分别降低土壤有效态Cd (DTPA-Cd)含量31.34%~46.27%。单施牡蛎壳粉随着施用浓度的增加对白菜的生长有一定的抑制作用，与CK相比，牡蛎壳粉与腐植酸复配能提高白菜地上部和地下部干质量，分别为11.46%和44.80%；单施牡蛎壳粉和牡蛎壳粉-腐植酸复配均能降低白菜地上部Cd吸收总量，且与腐植酸复配的效果最好，比CK降低51.4%。与CK相比，单施牡蛎壳粉和牡蛎壳粉-腐植酸复配均能显著降低白菜的Cd转运系数和富集系数。微量元素分析结果表明，与CK相比，仅单施牡蛎壳粉T2处理显著增加白菜地上部和地下部钙的吸收，同时促进白菜地下部铁的吸收。

Abstract

The cadmium (Cd) in facility vegetable fields has become one of the main pollutants. In order to explore the passivation effects of different combinations of organic and inorganic passivators on heavy metal Cd in facility soil, a greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effects of exogenous application of oyster shells (0, 0.23, 0.45 kg·m^-2) and compound oyster shell-humic acid (0.23 kg · m^-2+7.5 g · m^-2) on soil physicochemical properties, the growth of Chinese cabbage and the transportation of Cd. The results showed that the single application of oyster shells significantly increased soil pH (0.12-0.27). Both the single application of oyster shell and the combined application of oyster shell + humic acid reduced soil DTPA-Cd content by 31.34%-46.27%, respectively, compared to the CK treatment. The growth of Chinese cabbage was decreased in the single application of oyster shells (0.45 kg·m^-2) treatment, while the compound with humic acid can significantly increase the dry mass of aboveground and underground parts of Chinese cabbage by 11.46% and 44.80%, respectively, compared to the CK treatment. The Cd content was decreased in the three treatments, and significantly decreased in the oyster shells+humic acid treatment by 51.4%, compared to CK treatment. The TF and BCF of Chinese cabbage were decreased in oyster shell treatment and the combined treatment of oyster shell + humic acids. The results of trace elements showed that the single application of oyster shell (T2) significantly increased the absorption of calcium in the aboveground and underground parts of Chinese cabbage, and also promoted the absorption of iron in the underground parts of Chinese cabbage.

关键词

白菜 / 牡蛎壳粉 / 腐植酸 / 镉 / 转运系数 / 富集系数

Key words

Chinese cabbage / Oyster shell / Humic acids / Cadmium / Transfer coefficient / Bioconcentration coefficient

参考文献

[1] 佚名. 2022年中国生态环境状况公报(摘录)[J]. 环境保护, 2023, 51(增刊2): 64-81.

[2] LIU J, WANG Y N, LIU X M, et al. Occurrence and health risks of heavy metals in plastic-shed soils and vegetables across China[J]. Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 2021, 321: 107632.

[3] ZHEN H Y, JIA L, HUANG C D, et al. Long-term effects of intensive application of manure on heavy metal pollution risk in protected-field vegetable production[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2020, 263: 114552.

[4] HUANG L K, WANG Q, ZHOU Q Y, et al. Cadmium uptake from soil and transport by leafy vegetables:A meta-analysis[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2020, 264: 114677.

[5] FANG H W, LI W S, TU S X, et al. Differences in cadmium absorption by 71 leaf vegetable varieties from different families and genera and their health risk assessment[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2019, 184: 109593.

[6] 黎红亮, 袁毳, 符云聪, 等. 钝化剂对中碱性农田土壤重金属镉及其在小麦中累积的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(2): 244-249.

[7] 赵宇, 艾雯妍, 文思颖, 等. 微生物-植物联合修复镉砷污染农田土壤技术与应用[J]. 生态毒理学报, 2022, 17(6): 144-162.

[8] LIU Y W, ZHOU J J, SUN D L, et al. Polyaspartic acid assisted-phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated farmland:Phytoextraction efficiency, soil quality, and rhizosphere microbial community[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2023, 862: 160736.

[9] 方卢秋, 游豪, 刘忠闯. 重金属铅污染涪陵榨菜栽培土壤的化学淋洗修复[J]. 四川师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 45(1): 67-72.

[10] 张剑, 孔繁艺, 卢升高. 无机钝化剂对镉污染酸性水稻土的修复效果及其机制[J]. 环境科学, 2022, 43(10): 4679-4686.

[11] 金晓丹, 林华, 卢燕南, 等. 有机菌肥对铅、镉、锌污染土壤和水体联合修复研究[J]. 四川环境, 2023, 42(3): 10-15.

[12] 胡洁, 周海燕, 刘成, 等. 无机有机钝化剂对土壤镉有效态及小白菜吸收镉的影响[J]. 工业安全与环保, 2018, 44(11): 91-95.

[13] HAGHIGHI M, KAFI M, FANG P, et al. Humic acid decreased hazardous of cadmium toxicity on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)[J]. Vegetable Crops Research Bulletin, 2010, 72: 49-61.

[14] QIAO D M, HAN Y, ZHAO Y L, et al. Organic acids in conjunction with various oilseed sunflower cultivars promote Cd phytoextraction through regulating micro-environment in root zone[J]. Industrial Crops and Products, 2022, 183: 114932.

[15] TEIXEIRA W F, FAGAN E B, SOARES L H, et al. Foliar and seed application of amino acids affects the antioxidant metabolism of the soybean crop[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2017, 8: 327.

[16] FAN S K, FANG X Z, GUAN M Y, et al. Exogenous abscisic acid application decreases cadmium accumulation in Arabidopsis plants, which is associated with the inhibition of IRT1-mediated cadmium uptake[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2014, 5: 721.

[17] 曾涛, 郭京霞, 王果. 牡蛎壳粉对水稻吸收累积镉的影响[C]// 2019年中国土壤学会土壤环境专业委员会，土壤化学专业委员会联合学术研讨会论文摘要集, 2019.

[18] 占静, 文阳平, 王莹, 等. 牡蛎壳粉对稻田土壤酸化与镉污染的协同调控效应[J]. 江西农业大学学报, 2023, 45(4): 787-794.

[19] 李波. 腐植酸对典型复合污染水稻土镉砷有效性的影响及机理[D]. 陕西杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2021.

[20] 陆中桂, 黄占斌, 李昂, 等. 腐植酸对重金属铅镉的吸附特征[J]. 环境科学学报, 2018, 38(9): 3721-3729.

[21] JI L, TIAN C, KURAMAE E E. Phosphorus-mediated succession of microbial nitrogen, carbon, and sulfur functions in rice-driven saline-alkali soil remediation[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2023, 184: 109125.

[22] BADER B R, TABAN S K, FAHMI A H, et al. Potassium availability in soil amended with organic matter and phosphorous fertiliser under water stress during maize (Zea mays L.) growth[J]. 2021, 20(6): 390-394.

[23] WANG Y, JI M Y, WU M, et al. Toward green farming technologies:A case study of oyster shell application in fruit and vegetable production in xiamen[J]. Sustainability, 2023, 15(1): 663.

[24] KHAN R, MANZOOR N, ZIA A, et al. Exogenous application of chitosan and humic acid effects on plant growth and yield of pea (Pisum sativum)[J]. International Journal of Biosciences, 2018, 12(5): 43-50.

[25] WANG Y M, YANG R X, ZHENG J Y, et al. Exogenous foliar application of fulvic acid alleviate cadmium toxicity in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2019, 167: 10-19.

[26] 严建辉. 牡蛎壳土壤调理剂对黄泥田花生产量及土壤酸化改良的影响[J]. 农学学报, 2019, 9(11): 17-20.

[27] LEE H H, KIM S Y, OWENS V N, et al. How does oyster shell immobilize cadmium?[J]. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2018, 74(1): 114-120.

[28] HONG C O, KIM S Y, GUTIERREZ J, et al. Comparison of oyster shell and calcium hydroxide as liming materials for immobilizing cadmium in upland soil[J]. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2010, 46(5): 491-498.

[29] 曾秀君, 程坤, 黄学平, 等. 石灰、腐植酸单施及复配对污染土壤铅镉生物有效性的影响[J]. 腐植酸, 2021(2): 62.

[30] 王妍, 丁希月, 翁凌, 等. 牡蛎壳土壤调理剂对土壤及黄地脐橙果实品质的改良效果[J]. 集美大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 28(3): 214-221.

[31] LUSVARDI G, MALAVASI G, MENABUE L, et al. Removal of cadmium ion by means of synthetic hydroxyapatite[J]. Waste Management, 2002, 22(8): 853-857.

[32] 曹英兰, 陈丽娜, 张金丽, 等. 牡蛎壳粉对酸性土壤的修复及其对镉的钝化作用研究[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2016, 39(1): 178-182.

[33] 冷茂林, 诸葛玉平, 杨全刚, 等. 不同浓度和分子质量腐植酸对玉米幼苗根系和抗氧化系统的影响[J]. 山东农业科学, 2023, 55(2): 100-109.

[34] 颜墩炜, 黄强, 陈海玲, 等. 牡蛎壳粉土壤调理剂对土壤理化性质及小白菜农艺性状和品质的影响[J]. 中国瓜菜, 2023, 36(7): 88-94.

基金资助

山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程(2023TSGC0829)

2021年山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)(2021CXGC010602)