蜜环菌菌株DJ1的分子鉴定、生物学特性及人工培养

Molecular identification, biological characteristics and artificial cultivation of Armillaria strain DJ1

摘要

为优化蜜环菌的人工培养条件，以蜜环菌菌株DJ1为研究对象，对其进行分子鉴定并通过生物学特性观察，筛选其最佳培养基和培养条件。结果表明，通过ITS序列构建的系统发育树可知，菌株DJ1属于高卢蜜环菌 Armillaria gallica。DJ1生长的最优培养条件为PDA培养基+木屑100 g, 麸皮5 g, 水1 L，pH=6，培养温度23 ℃。出菇结果表明，在PDA+2%/4%/6%/8%玉米面培养基与木屑培养基中均可得到子实体，其中以添加4%玉米面的培养基出菇效果最好，出菇时间最快；随着玉米面添加量的增加，蜜环菌子实体的出菇率呈先上升后下降的变化趋势。研究结果可为蜜环菌的快速培育和人工驯化提供参考。

Abstract

To optimize the artificial culture conditions of Armillaria, using the Armillaria strain DJ1 as the research object, the author conducted molecular identification and biological characteristics observation to select the optimal medium and culture conditions. The results revealed that the phylogenetic tree constructed based on the ITS sequence indicated that the strain DJ1 belongs to Armillaria gallica. The optimal culture conditions for DJ1 growth were PDA medium with sawdust 100 g, bran 5 g, water 1 L, pH=6, and cultivation temperature of 23 °C. The results of mushroom emergence showed that fruiting bodies could be obtained in PDA + 2%/4%/6%/8% cornmeal medium and sawdust medium. Among them, the medium with 4% cornmeal had the best mushroom production effect and the fastest mushroom emergence time. With the increase of cornmeal addition, the mushroom yield of the fruiting bodies of Armillaria increased first and then decreased. The results of this study can provide a reference for the rapid cultivation and artificial domestication of Armillaria.

关键词

蜜环菌属 / 食药用菌 / 生物学特性 / 人工驯化

Key words

Armillaria / Edible and medicinal mushrooms / Biological characteristics / Artificial domestication

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基金资助

贵州省食用菌育种重点实验室(黔科合平台人才〔2019〕5105号)

国家重点研发计划子课题(2021YFD1601002-03-1)