小球藻粉对番茄幼苗生长及土壤性质的影响

Effects of Chlorella vulgaris powder on tomato seedling growth and soil properties

摘要

为研究小球藻粉作为生物肥料的潜能，以番茄品种红粉佳人为材料，设置叶喷和灌根两种施用方式，探究施用不同浓度的小球藻粉对番茄幼苗生长指标及土壤性质的影响。结果表明，与清水对照相比，小球藻粉500倍稀释液对番茄生长效果最佳，叶喷和灌根处理后株高、叶片数、生物量和生长函数显著增加2.90%~47.49%，灌根处理效果整体优于叶喷处理；与生物肥料“益施帮”和复合肥“大量元素水溶肥料”相比，小球藻粉500倍液同样表现出生物量和生长函数的显著增加。在改善土壤性质方面，小球藻粉500倍叶喷和灌根处理后土壤pH分别降低0.06、0.29，电导率显著降低8.31%以上；小球藻粉灌根处理番茄后植株地上、地下部位以及土壤中氮素含量增加；小球藻粉叶喷及灌根处理后土壤中蔗糖酶、硝酸还原酶、过氧化氢酶、脲酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶等酶活性显著提高。研究结果证实小球藻粉叶喷及灌根均适用于番茄生长发育及土壤改良，可为小球藻粉及其他生物肥料的开发应用提供试验依据。

Abstract

In order to study the potential of Chlorella vulgaris powder as a biological fertilizer, the experiment used tomato variety Hongfenjiaren as the material, and set up two application methods of leaf spray and root irrigation to explore the effects of different concentrations of C. vulgaris powder on tomato seedling growth index and soil properties. The results showed that compared with the water control, the 500 times dilution of C. vulgaris powder had the best effect on the growth of tomato. After leaf spray and root irrigation, the plant height, leaf number, biomass and growth function were significantly increased by 2.90%-47.49%, and the effect of root irrigation was better than that of leaf spray. Compared with the biological fertilizer Yishibang and the compound fertilizer Macroelement Water Soluble Fertilizer, the 500 times dilution of C. vulgaris powder also showed a significant increase in biomass and growth function. In terms of improving soil properties, the pH of soil decreased by 0.06 and 0.29, respectively, and the electrical conductivity decreased significantly by more than 8.31% after spray and root irrigation with 500 times dilution of C. vulgaris powder. The content of nitrogen in the aboveground and underground parts of the plant and the soil increased after application with C. vulgaris powder. The activities of sucrase, nitrate reductase, catalase, urease, polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase in soil increased significantly after C. vulgaris powder leaf spray and root irrigation. The results of this study confirmed that C. vulgaris powder leaf spray and root irrigation were suitable for tomato growth and soil improvement, which could provide experimental basis for the development and application of C. vulgaris powder and other biological fertilizers.

关键词

番茄 / 小球藻 / 幼苗生长 / 土壤性质

Key words

Tomato / Chlorella vulgaris / Seedling growth / Soil properties

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基金资助

山东省农业产业技术体系(SDAIT-06-11)

山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程(2023TSGC0894)

山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程(2023TSGC0829)

山东省重点研发计划(2021CXGC010602)

山东省重点研发计划(2021CXGC010802)

山东省重点研发计划(2022CXGC020709)

烟台市科技计划项目(2021NYNC015)

烟台市科技计划项目(2022XCZX094)

烟台市科技计划项目(2023ZDCX026)

山东省自然科学基金重点项目(ZR2020KC026)

农业农村部农作物病虫鼠害疫情监测与防治项目(152307026)