西瓜新品种金沙宝的选育

Breeding of a new watermelon cultivar Jinshabao

摘要

金沙宝是以优良自交系 H01-2 为母本、Q-06 为父本杂交育成的中熟中果型西瓜新品种。植株生长势良好，易坐果，在甘肃省民勤县春季露地栽培全生育期 97 d, 果实发育期 46 d, 第 1 朵雌花节位在主蔓 6~8 节，间隔节位 3~4 节，果实近圆形，果皮较硬、厚度 2.4 cm, 果面底色呈绿色，墨绿色条纹带明显，果肉绵软，呈柠檬黄色，汁液多，适口性好，中心可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)7.1%，边部 5.6%。平均单果质量 3.6 kg, 平均 667 m²产量 3568 kg, 耐贮性强，中抗枯萎病，适宜于甘肃、内蒙古、新疆等同类生态区春季露地栽培。产品上市时间一般在每年 8 月上中旬，主要供应北方秋季及冬季市场，可贮藏供应至春节。该品种于 2022 年 8 月通过农业农村部非主要农作物品种登记。2023 年 2 月通过甘肃省科技厅科技成果登记。

Abstract

Jinshabao is a new type of fresh watermelon variety with medium maturity and medium fruit, developed by crossing the excellent inbred line H01-2 as the female parent and Q-06 as the male parent. The plant grows well and is easy to set fruit. In spring, the fruit development period in Minqin county, Gansu province is 46 days, with a full growth period of 97 days. The first female flower node is located at 6-8 nodes of the main vine, with 3-4 nodes between each node. The fruit is nearly circular, with a hard skin and a thickness of 2.4 cm. The bottom color of the fruit surface is green, with obvious dark green stripes. The flesh is soft, lemon yellow in color, with plenty of juice and good palatability. The central soluble solid content (w, the same below) is 7.1%, and the edge soluble solid content is 5.6%. The average single fruit mass is 3.6 kg, with an average fresh melon yield of 3568 kg·667 m^-2. It has strong storage tolerance and moderate resistance to wilt disease. It is suitable for spring open field cultivation in similar ecological areas such as Gansu, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang. The product is usually launched in the first and middle of August each year, mainly supplied to the northern autumn and winter markets, and stored and supplied until the Spring Festival, enriching the northern fruit market.

关键词

西瓜 / 新品种 / 金沙宝 / 杂交1代

Key words

Watermelon / New cultivar / Jinshabao / Hybrid F1

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