不同用量亚磷酸钾对小番茄生长、产量及品质的影响

Effects of different amounts of potassium phosphite on the growth, yield and quality of small tomato

摘要

为了研究固体亚磷酸钾对黄金1号小番茄生长、产量和品质的影响，选择固体亚磷酸钾作生长助剂，设置常规施肥(CF)，自制肥料添加0%亚磷酸钾(Y0)、0.2%亚磷酸钾(Y1)、0.6%亚磷酸钾(Y2)、1%亚磷酸钾(Y3)等5个处理于温室大棚开展肥效验证试验。结果表明，与常规施肥处理CF相比，添加固体亚磷酸钾处理Y1、Y2、Y3的小番茄株高(定植后33 d)分别增加了15.61%、21.91%、24.18%，花序数(定植65 d)分别增加了13.63%、15.26%、18.72%，总产量分别增加16.32%、22.15%、23.79%。另外，与常规施肥处理CF相比，添加固体亚磷酸钾处理Y1、Y2和Y3的小番茄中蛋白质、可溶性糖和维生素含量均有所提高，其中可溶性糖含量表现最为明显，分别增加了50.31%、81.90%、95.19%，而有机酸含量分别降低了32.06%、36.24%、39.72%。综合来看，添加1%固体亚磷酸钾(Y3)对小番茄的生长、产量和品质的促进效果最好。

Abstract

Solid potassium phosphite was chosen as the growth aid in order to investigate its effects on the development, yield, and quality of Huangjin No. 1 small tomato. Five treatments including conventional fertilization (CF), 0% potassium phosphite (Y0), 0.2% potassium phosphite (Y1), 0.6% potassium phosphite (Y2), and 1% potassium phosphite (Y3) were established in a greenhouse for fertilizer efficiency verification experiments. The results indicated that compared to the conventional fertilization treatment CF, the plant height (33 days after planting) of small tomato treated with solid potassium phosphite Y1, Y2, and Y3 significantly increased by 15.61%, 21.91%, and 24.18%, respectively. The number of inflorescence (65 days after planting) rose by 13.63%, 15.26%, and 18.72%, respectively, and the total yield rose by 16.32%, 22.15%, and 23.79%, respectively. Additionally, compared to the conventional fertilization treatment CF, the protein, soluble sugar, and vitamin content in small tomato treated with solid potassium phosphite Y1, Y2, and Y3 all showed increases, with the soluble sugar content showing the most significant increase, increasing by 50.31%, 81.90%, and 95.16%, respectively, while the organic acid content significantly decreased by 32.06%, 36.24%, and 39.72%, respectively. Overall, adding 1% solid potassium phosphite has the best promoting effect on the growth, yield, and quality of small tomato.

关键词

小番茄 / 亚磷酸钾 / 生长助剂 / 产量 / 品质

Key words

Small tomato / Potassium phosphite / Growth aids / Yield / Quality

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基金资助

云南省重大科技专项计划(202202AEO90034)