褪黑素浸种对辣椒种子萌发及幼苗抗旱性的影响

Effects of melatonin soaking on pepper seed germination and seeding drought resistance

摘要

为提高辣椒种子及幼苗的耐旱性，设置 0(CK)、50 μmol·L^-1(T1)、100 μmol·L^-1(T2)、200 μmol·L^-1(T3)褪黑素浸种和 15%聚乙二醇(PEG 6000)模拟干旱，以贵农长线王辣椒为试验材料，研究褪黑素(melatonin)对辣椒种子萌发特性和干旱胁迫下幼苗抗旱性的影响。结果表明，褪黑素处理较 CK 处理能有效提高辣椒种子的发芽率 9.06~9.96 个百分点和存苗率 4.69~5.78 个百分点，促进辣椒幼苗生长；在干旱胁迫下，褪黑素处理较 CK 处理可以有效提高叶片相对含水量 14.06~22.74 个百分点、羟自由基清除能力 3.95%~57.89%、总抗氧化能力 23.73%~38.98%，降低细胞膜透性 12.96%~22.24%、丙二醛含量 9.12%~30.76%、过氧化氢含量 5.90%~20.85%；但褪黑素处理较 CK 处理显著降低叶片可溶性糖含量 63.05%~77.61%，降低脯氨酸含量 4.43%~62.14%。灰色关联分析表明，褪黑素主要通过增加植株地下生物量、总抗氧化能力以及叶片相对含水量等来提高辣椒幼苗的抗旱性。通过抗旱系数分析表明，T1、T2 和 T3 各处理平均抗旱系数为 1.09、1.22 和 1.05，T2 处理抗旱能力最强。抗旱性综合评价获得 CK、T1、T2 和 T3 处理的评价值为 0.338 0、0.606 7、0.770 0、0.545 6。综上所述，褪黑素浸种能改善辣椒种子萌发生长特性，干旱胁迫下，褪黑素(100 μmol·L^-1)处理对辣椒抗旱能力提升最佳。

Abstract

To improve the drought tolerance of pepper seeds and seedlings, 0(CK), 50 μmol·L^-1(T1), 100 μmol·L^-1(T2), 200 μmol·L^-1(T3) melatonin solution and 15% polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) to simulate drought were set up, with Guinong Changxianwang as the experimental material to study the effect of melatonin on the germination characteristics of pepper seeds and drought resistance of seedlings under drought stress. The results showed that melatonin treatment could effectively increase the germination rate of pepper seeds by 9.06-9.96 percentage points and seedling survival rate by 4.69-5.78 percentage points, and promote the growth of pepper seedlings compared with CK treatment. Under drought stress, compared with CK treatment, melatonin treatment could effectively increase leaf water retention capacity by 14.06-22.74 percentage points, hydroxyl free radical scavenging capacity by 3.95%-57.89%, and total antioxidant capacity by 23.73%-38.98%, and reduce cell membrane permeability by 12.96%-22.24%, malondialdehyde content by 9.12%-30.76%, and hydrogen peroxide content by 5.90%-20.85%. However, melatonin treatment significantly reduced soluble sugar content by 63.05%-77.61% and proline content by 4.43%-62.14% compared with CK treatment. Grey correlation analysis showed that melatonin mainly improved drought resistance of pepper seedlings by increasing underground biomass, total antioxidant capacity and relative leaf water content. The analysis of drought resistance coefficient showed that the average drought resistance coefficient of T1, T2 and T3 were 1.09, 1.22 and 1.05, respectively, with T2 having the strongest drought resistance. The comprehensive evaluation values of CK, T1, T2 and T3 treatments were 0.338 0, 0.606 7, 0.770 0 and 0.545 6. In summary, seed soaking with melatonin could improve the germination and growth characteristics of pepper seeds. Under drought stress, melatonin (100 μmol·L^-1) treatment had the best effect on drought resistance of pepper.

关键词

辣椒 / 褪黑素 / 浸种 / 萌发 / 抗旱性

Key words

Hot pepper / Melatonin / Seed soaking / Germination / Drought stress

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基金资助

云南省地方高校联合项目(202101BA070001-061)

昭通市“兴昭人才支持计划”(昭党人才〔2023〕3号)