平沙绿僵菌 SG-A 两种培养基比较及其对瓜绢螟的致病活力

Comparison of two culture medium of Metarhizium pingshaense SG- A and its pathogenic activity against Diaphania indica (Saunders)

摘要

为比较平沙绿僵菌 SG-A 在两种培养基上的生物学特性及对瓜绢螟不同虫态的致病力，室内测定了平沙绿僵菌 SG-A 在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基(PDA)和萨氏培养基(SDAY)上培养 14 d 后的菌落大小、产孢量及孢子萌发率等指标，并采用浸虫法测定了对瓜绢螟不同虫态的致病力。结果表明，平沙绿僵菌 SG-A 在 PDA 培养基中培养 14 d 后的产孢量显著高于 SDAY 培养基，菌落大小和孢子萌发率差异不显著。平沙绿僵菌 SG-A 对瓜绢螟 2 龄、4 龄幼虫和蛹均存在较高的致病力，孢子浓度越大，致病力越高，其中对蛹的致病力最高，LC₅₀为 1.93×10⁵个·mL^-1，当孢子浓度为 1×10⁸个·mL^-1时，处理 8 d 蛹的累积死亡率为 90%，2 龄和 4 龄幼虫的累积死亡率也分别达到 86.67%和 83.33%，但 4 龄幼虫出现死亡的时间要早于蛹和 2 龄若虫，LT₅₀为 2.60 d。综上所述，平沙绿僵菌 SG-A 对瓜绢螟各虫态均具有较高的致病力，可进一步挖掘其生防潜力。

Abstract

In order to compare the biological characteristics and pathogenicity of Metarhizium pingshaense SG-A on two media, the size of colony, sporulation yield and spore germination rate of M. pingshaense SG-A on potato glucose AGAR medium (PDA) and sabouraud dextrose agar with yeast extract (SDAY) were measured after 14 days. The pathogenicity of M. pingshaense SG-A against different insect states of Diaphania indica (Saunders) was determined by dip method. The biological characteristics on different media and pathogenicity to D. indica of M. pingshaense SG-A were measured . The results showed that the spore production of M. pingshaense SG-A after 14 days of PDA culture was significantly higher than that of SDAY culture medium, and there was no significant difference in colony size and spore germination rate. M. pingshaense SG-A showed high pathogenicity against the 2nd and 4th instar larvae and pupae, and the pupae had the highest pathogenicity. The LC₅₀ was 1.93×10⁵ conidia · mL^-1, and the cumulative mortality of pupae was 90% when the spore concentration was 1×10⁸ conidia·mL^-1. The cumulative mortality of 2nd instar and 4th instar larvae also reached 86.67% and 83.33%, respectively, but the death time of 4th instar larvae was earlier than that of pupa and 2nd instar nymphs, and the LT₅₀ was 2.60 days. In conclusion, M. pingshaense SG-A has high pathogenicity against each species of D. indica, which can further explore its biocontrol potential.

关键词

平沙绿僵菌 / SG-A 菌株 / 瓜绢螟 / 生物学特性 / 致病力

Key words

Metarhizium pingshaense / SG-A strain / Diaphania indica (Saunders) / Biological characteristics / Pathogenicity

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基金资助

潍坊科技学院博士科研启动项目(2021KJBS02)

山东省高校设施园艺实验室资助项目(2018YY041)

山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GNC106135)