海南地区豇豆品种比较分析与综合评价

Comparative analysis and comprehensive evaluation of cowpea varieties in Hainan

摘要

为促进海南省豇豆产业的发展，筛选出适宜在本地区夏季露地栽培的豇豆品种，以13个豇豆品种为试验材料，对其主要农艺性状、产量、品质性状及抗病性进行比较分析，并通过主成分分析和聚类分析进行综合评价。结果表明，绿丰3000、热豇1号和鸿运708产量较高，其中绿丰3000产量最高，为1 380.48 kg·667 m^-2；绿丰3000维生素C含量(w,后同)最高，为23.61 mg·100 g^-1；华宝2号可溶性糖含量最高，为25.37 mg·g^-1；特级海亚王可溶性蛋白和干物质含量最高，分别为2.43%和10.02%；热豇1号粗纤维含量最高，为6.96%。华宝2号、华赣·满棚金田间锈病抗性最强，病情指数分别为33.41和33.33。主成分分析将18个豇豆性状转化为6个主成分，综合得分最高的为热豇1号；聚类分析将13份豇豆分为3大类，类群Ⅰ锈病抗性强，类群Ⅱ产量高，类群Ⅲ荚果小、产量低。综上，通过筛选评价，综合表现较好的品种有热豇1号、绿丰3000和湘研海龙王F1，适宜在海南地区夏季露地大面积推广种植。

Abstract

In order to promote the development of cowpea industry in Hainan province and select suitable varieties for open field cultivation in summer, main agronomic traits, yield and quality traits and disease resistance of 13 cowpea varieties were analyzed. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted through principal component and clustering analysis. The results showed that Lüfeng 3000, Rejiang 1 and Hongyun 708 had the higher yield, Lvfeng 3000 was the highest with a yield of 1 380.48 kg·667 m^-2; Lüfeng 3000 had the highest vitamin C content, with a concentration of 23.61 mg·100 g^-1; Huabao 2 had the highest soluble sugar content, with a concentration of 25.37 mg·g^-1; Super Haiyawang had the highest soluble protein and dry matter content, with a concentration of 2.43% and 10.02%, respectively; Rejiang 1 had the highest crude fiber content, with a concentration of 6.96%. Huabao 2 and Huagan·Manpengjin had the best resistance to rust, the disease index is 33.41 and 33.33, respectively. 18 cowpea traits were converted into 6 principal components, and the highest score was Rejiang 1. The 13 cowpea varieties were divided into 3 groups by cluster analysis. Group Ⅰ had good rust resistance, group Ⅱ had highest yield, group Ⅲ had small pod and lowest yield. In summary, the varieties with good comprehensive performance, such as Rejiang 1, Lüfeng 3000 and Xiangyan Hailongwang F1 were selected through screening and evaluation, were suitable for large-scale promotion and cultivation in summer open fields in Hainan region.

关键词

豇豆 / 品种比较 / 主成分分析 / 聚类分析

Key words

Cowpea / Variety comparison / Principal component / Clustering analysis

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基金资助

海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ2021010)

五指山市生态科技特派员项目(WZSKTPXM202209)

中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1630032024010)