变应性鼻炎患者疾病获益感现状及影响因素分析

Current status of benefit finding among patients with allergic rhinitis and its influence factors

摘要

目的 探讨变应性鼻炎患者疾病获益感水平，并分析影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法，选取232例变应性鼻炎作为研究对象，使用一般调查表、疾病获益感量表、社会支持量表、症状视觉模拟评分对患者进行调查，采用多元线性回归分析变应性鼻炎患者疾病获益感影响因素。结果 本组变应性鼻炎患者疾病获益感总分(64.19±13.036)，其中鼻部症状评分、主观支持、客观支持、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、经济收入、医保类型、鼻炎分型及治疗方式进入回归方程(P<0.001)，可解释患者疾病获益感总变量的75.2%。结论 变应性鼻炎患者疾病获益感处于中等偏下水平，医护人员应重视对该人群疾病获益感的评估，重点关注处于疾病活动期的患者，鼓励患者表达疾病相关感受，改善患者家庭成员的亲密关系和社会支持水平，以提升患者的疾病获益感。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the level of benefit finding in patients with allergic rhinitis and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 232 patients were selected by convenience sampling method. The general questionnaire, the benefit finding scale, the social support scale, and the visual analog score of symptoms of allergic rhinitis patients were used. The factors influencing the benefit finding of allergic rhinitis patients were analyzed by multiple linear regression. Results At present, the total score of benefit finding of patients with allergic rhinitis was (64.19±13.036), among which, nasal symptoms score, subjective support, objective support, age, educational level, marital status, medical insurance type, rhinitis classification and treatment methods entered regression equation (P<0.001). These factors could explain 75.2%of the total variable of patients’ benefit finding of disease. Conclusion The benefit finding of allergic rhinitis patients is at a lower level than medium. Medical staff should attach importance to the assessment of the benefit finding of allergic rhinitis patients, focusing on patients in the active stage of the disease, encourage patients to express disease-related feelings, improve the intimate relationship and social adaptability of patients’ family members, so as to enhance the levels of benefit finding of these patients.

关键词

变应性鼻炎 / 疾病获益感 / 社会支持 / 症状评分 / 影响因素

Key words

Allergic Rhinitis / Benefit Finding / Social Support / Symptom Grade / Influence Factors

参考文献

[1] Zhang Y , Lan F , Zhang L . Update on pathomechanisms and treatments in allergic rhinitis [J]. Allergy, 2022, 77(11): 3309-3319. doi: 10.1111/all.15454

[2] Nappi E , Paoletti G , Malvezzi L , et al. Comorbid allergic rhinitis and asthma: important clinical considerations [J]. Expert Rev Clin Immunol, 2022, 18(7): 747-758. doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2022.2089654

[3] Wise SK , Damask C , Roland LT , et al. International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Allergic rhinitis-2023[J]. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol, 2023, 13(4): 293-859. doi: 10.1002/alr.23090

[4] Bousquet J , Toumi M , Sousa-Pinto B , et al. The allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA) approach of value-added medicines: As-needed treatment in allergic rhinitis [J]. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract, 2022, 10(11): 2878-2888. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.07.020

[5] Kritikos TK , Stiles-Shields C , Shapiro JB , et al. Benefit-finding among young adults with spina bifida [J]. J Health Psychol, 2022, 27(5): 1176-1186. doi: 10.1177/1359105321990804

[6] 翟祎帆, 徐艳, 张玉杰, 等 . 艾滋病患者益处发现体验的质性研究[J]. 护理学杂志, 2023, 38(4): 87-90. doi: 10.3870/j.issn.1001-4152.2023.04.087

[7] ZHAI Yifan , XU Yan , ZHANG Yujie , et al. Experience of benefit finding in AIDS patients: a qualitative study [J]. Journal of Nursing Science, 2023, 38(4): 87-90. doi: 10.3870/j.issn.1001-4152.2023.04.087

[8] 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志编辑委员会鼻科组, 中华医学会耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学分会鼻科学组 . 中国变应性鼻炎诊断和治疗指南(2022年, 修订版)[J]. 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志, 2022, 57(2): 106-129. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20211228-00828

[9] Subspecialty group of rhinology, editorial board of Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery, subspecialty group of rhinology, society of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery, Chinese medical association . Chinese guideline for diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis (2022, revision)[J]. Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, 2022, 57(2): 106-129. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20211228-00828

[10] 赵学玲, 郑昕, 徐化梅, 等 . 过敏性鼻炎患儿血清25(OH)D、特异性IgE水平与VAS评分的相关性[J]. 检验医学, 2021, 36(6): 615-617. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2021.06.008

[11] ZHAO Xueling , ZHENG Xin , XU Huamei , et al. Correlation between serum 25(OH)D, specific IgE and VAS score in children with allergic rhinitis [J]. Laboratory Medicine, 2021, 36(6): 615-617. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8640.2021.06.008

[12] 王如婷, 章亚平, 吕小英, 等 . 疾病获益感量表在缺血性脑卒中病人照顾者中的信效度检验[J]. 护理研究, 2020, 34(15): 2655-2659. doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2020.15.007

[13] WANG Ruting , ZHANG Yapin , LYU Xiaoying , et al. Reliability and validity test of the Benefit Finding Scale in caregivers of ischemic stroke patients [J]. Chinese Nursing Research, 2020, 34(15): 2655-2659. doi: 10.12102/j.issn.1009-6493.2020.15.007

[14] 屈天歌, 韦磊, 王珊, 等 . 基于COSMIN指南的社会支持量表的系统评价[J]. 中华现代护理杂志, 2023, 29(10): 1310-1316. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115682-20221026-05196

[15] QU Tiange , WEI Lei , WANG Shan , et al. Systematic review of social support scale based on COSMIN guideline [J]. Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing, 2023, 29(10): 1310-1316. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115682-20221026-05196

[16] 吴娟 . 住院癌症患者照顾者疾病获益感的现状及其影响因素研究[D]. 石河子: 石河子大学, 2020.

[17] WU Juan . [d]. Shihezi: Shihezi University, 2020

[18] 王松朋, 刘睿 . PRECEDE-PROCEED模式下的健康宣教对季节过敏性鼻炎患者生活质量的影响[J]. 国际护理学杂志, 2023, 42(3): 427-430. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn221370-20201230-00105

[19] 费永光, 岑瑞祥 . 老年非变应性鼻炎患者焦虑抑郁状态分析与生活质量评估[J]. 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科, 2022, 29(1): 52-55. doi: 10.16066/j.1672-7002.2022.01.013

[20] FEI Yongguang , CEN Ruixiang . Analysis of anxiety and depression status and quality of life assessment in elderly patients with non-allergic rhinitis [J]. Chinese Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2022, 29(1): 52-55. doi: 10.16066/j.1672-7002.2022.01.013

[21] 袁韵, 胡艳, 王婷 . 非霍奇金淋巴瘤化疗患者自我表露状况及其与领悟社会支持的相关性[J]. 中国医药导报, 2023, 20(5): 102-105. doi: 10.20047/j.issn1673-7210.2023.05.24

[22] YUAN Yun , HU Yan , WANG Ting . Self-disclosure status in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma undergoing chemotherapy and its association with perceived social support [J]. China Medical Herald, 2023, 20(5): 102-105. doi: 10.20047/j.issn1673-7210.2023.05.24

[23] 王凤灵, 霍延琴, 倪冉冉, 等 . 社会支持在青年乳腺癌化疗患者社交回避及苦恼与生育忧虑间的中介效应[J]. 中华现代护理杂志, 2023, 29(12): 1589-1593. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115682-20220627-03101

[24] WANG Fengling , HUO Yanqin , NI Ranran , et al. Mediating effect of social support on social avoidance and distress and reproductive concerns in young breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy [J]. Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing, 2023, 29(12): 1589-1593. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115682-20220627-03101

[25] 陈敏, 陆亚文, 史军 . 益气温阳方治疗脾气虚弱型持续性中重度变应性鼻炎的临床效果[J]. 中国医药导报, 2022, 19(26): 133-136. doi: 10.20047/j.issn1673-7210.2022.26.30

[26] CHEN Min , LU Yawen , SHI Jun . Clinical effect of Yiqi Wenyang Decoction in the treatment of persistent moderate and severe allergic rhinitis of spleen qi weakness type [J]. China Medical Herald, 2022, 19(26): 133-136. doi: 10.20047/j.issn1673-7210.2022.26.30

[27] 高淑平, 凡颖, 邢利民, 等 . 慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者疾病获益感分型及影响因素研究[J]. 护理学杂志, 2023, 38(14): 86-91. doi: 10.3870/j.issn.1001-4152.2023.14.086

[28] GAO Shuping , FAN Ying , XING Limin , et al. Study on the classification of benefit finding of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and its influencing factors based on latent profile analysis [J]. Journal of Nursing Science, 2023, 38(14): 86-91. doi: 10.3870/j.issn.1001-4152.2023.14.086

[29] 黄露梅 . 结直肠癌患者照顾者获益感轨迹及预测因素研究[D]. 扬州: 扬州大学, 2023

[30] 程洋 . 乳腺癌患者化疗期间疾病获益感现状及影响因素研究[D]. 沈阳: 中国医科大学, 2023

[31] 陈晨, 陈园园, 刘欣怡, 等 . 肺癌患者疾病获益感影响因素的结构方程模型构建[J]. 解放军护理杂志, 2022, 39(6): 39-43. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-9993.2022.06.010

[32] CHEN Chen , CHEN Yuanyuan , LIU Xinyi , et al. Construction of structural equation model for influencing factors of benefit finding in patients with lung cancer [J]. Nursing Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2022, 39(6): 39-43. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-9993.2022.06.010

[33] 叶远航, 向浏岚, 罗富锟, 等 . 变应性鼻炎患者心理特征的研究进展[J]. 中国现代医学杂志, 2021, 31(12): 51-56. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8982.2021.12.010

[34] YE Yuanhang , XIANG Liulan , LUO Fukun , et al. Research advances on the psychological characteristics of patients with allergic rhinitis [J]. China Journal of Modern Medicine, 2021, 31(12): 51-56. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8982.2021.12.010

[35] Okubo K , Kurono Y , Ichimura K , et al. Japanese guidelines for allergic rhinitis 2020[J]. Allergol Int, 2020, 69(3): 331-345. doi: 10.1016/j.alit.2020.04.001

[36] Meng YF , Wang CS , Zhang L . Recent developments and highlights in allergic rhinitis [J]. Allergy, 2019, 74(12): 2320-2328. doi: 10.1111/all.14067

[37] Bousquet J , Schünemann HJ , Togias A , et al. Next-generation Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines for allergic rhinitis based on Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) and real-world evidence [J]. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2020, 145(1): 70-80.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.06.049

[38] 娄鸿飞, 张罗 . 变应性鼻炎免疫治疗[J]. 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志, 2020, 55(5): 562-568. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200108-00014

[39] LOU Hongfei , ZHANG Luo . The allergen-specific immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis [J]. Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, 2020, 55(5): 562-568. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200108-00014

[40] 牟华, 付艳枝, 梁前晖, 等 . 癌症患者照顾者疾病获益感体验的Meta整合[J]. 护士进修杂志, 2022, 37(13): 1208-1213. doi: 10.16821/j.cnki.hsjx.2022.13.012

[41] Pakenham KI , Cox S . Effects of benefit finding, social support and caregiving on youth adjustment in a parental illness context [J]. J Child Fam Stud, 2018, 27(8): 2491-2506. doi: 10.1007/s10826-018-1088-2

[42] 黄天昊, 武大伟, 魏永祥 . 变应性鼻炎相关心理障碍研究进展[J]. 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志, 2021, 56(8): 876-880. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200828-00707

[43] HUANG Tianhao , WU Dawei , WEI Yongxiang . Research progress of allergic rhinitis-related psychological disorders [J]. Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, 2021, 56(8): 876-880. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200828-00707

[44] 史淑敏, 万丽 . 基于智谋理论的护理干预在妊娠期糖尿病患者中的应用[J]. 中国医药导报, 2021, 18(30): 188-192

[45] SHI Shumin , WAN Li . Application of nursing intervention based on resourcefulness theory in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus [J]. China Medical Herald, 2021, 18(30): 188-192

[46] 倪璟滋, 万文锦 . 变应性鼻炎健康相关生活质量研究进展[J]. 山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报, 2022, 36(3): 110-115. doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.1.2021.165

[47] NI Jingzi , WAN Wenjin , CHENG Lei . Research progress on health-related quality of life in allergic rhinitis [J]. Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University, 2022, 36(3): 110-115. doi: 10.6040/j.issn.1673-3770.1.2021.165

基金资助

江苏省研究型医院学会科普行动计划(SYHKP202319)