黑骨藤正丁醇萃取成分治疗大鼠阿尔茨海默病的药效学及作用机制
冉念东 , 刘杰 , 徐剑 , 张永萍 , 郭江涛
南方医科大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (04) : 785 -798.
黑骨藤正丁醇萃取成分治疗大鼠阿尔茨海默病的药效学及作用机制
n-butanol fraction of ethanol extract of Periploca forrestii Schltr.: its active components, targets and pathways for treating Alcheimer's disease in rats
目的 探讨黑骨藤正丁醇萃取部位对阿尔茨海默病(AD)的药效学研究及潜在作用机制预测。 方法 采用超高效液相-四级杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UPLC-QE-MS)技术对黑骨藤正丁醇部位的化学成分进行分析鉴定,建立三氯化铝(AlCl3)和D-半乳糖(D-gal)联合诱导50只SPF级雄性AD大鼠模型,使用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)、苏木精-伊红染色(HE)和尼氏染色(Nissl)、免疫组化染色(ICH)、Western blotting等实验为基础,通过网络药理学及分子对接技术预测抗AD潜在作用机制。 结果 黑骨藤正丁醇萃取部位鉴定出17个化学成分,主要包括苯丙素类、黄酮类、蒽醌类、三萜类、甾体类以及挥发油类。药效学实验结果显示经过黑骨藤正丁醇萃取部位组处理后,大鼠海马中乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)含量降低(P<0.05),而乙酰胆碱(ACh)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的含量增加(P<0.05),在Western blotting实验中神经细胞凋亡因子B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)、磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶(PI3K)、蛋白激酶B(Akt)、磷酸化磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶(p-PI3K)和磷酸化蛋白激酶B(p-Akt)表达上升(P<0.05),而Bax蛋白、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)表达下降(P<0.01),氧化应激因子核因子红细胞系2相关因子2(Nrf-2)和血红素氧合酶1(HO-1)蛋白表达水平上调(P<0.01),氧化应激反应转录因子(Keap-1)蛋白表达水平下调(P<0.01),脑源性神经营养因子BDNF表达水平均升高(P<0.01),以及β-淀粉样蛋白Aβ、Tau蛋白表达水平均下调(P<0.01),且表现出一定的剂量依赖性。黑骨藤正丁醇萃取部位活性成分与AD共获得TNF、AKT1和ESR1等14个关键靶点。 结论 初步阐明了黑骨藤正丁醇萃取成分的药效物质基础,并证实了其具有较好的抗AD效果。预测黑骨藤正丁醇萃取部位可通过多组分、多靶点、多途径和多通路发挥抗AD作用。
Objective To investigate the active components and possible mechanisms of n-butanol fraction of Periploca forrestii Schltr. ethanol extract for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods The active components of n-butanol fraction of Periploca forrestii Schltr. ethanol extract were analyzed using UPLC-QE-MS technique. In a SD rat model of AD induced by treatment with AlCl3 and D-gal, the therapeutic effects of low, moderate and high doses of the n-butanol fraction, saline, and donepezil hydrochloride were evaluated using ELISA, HE and Nissl staining, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The therapeutic mechanisms of the n-butanol fraction were explored using network pharmacology and molecular docking. Results Seventeen active components were identified from the n-butanol fraction of Periploca forrestii Schltr. ethanol extract, including phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, triterpenoids, steroids, and volatile oils. In the rat models of AD, treatment with the n-butanol fraction significantly lowed AChE content in the hippocampus, increased the contents of ACh, SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px, enhanced the expressions of neuronal apoptotic factors Bcl-2, PI3K, Akt, p-PI3K, and p-Akt, and reduced the expressions of Bax and caspase-3 proteins. The treatment also dose-dependently up-regulated hippocampal expressions of Nrf-2, HO-1 and BDNF and down-regulated Keap-1, Aβ and Tau expressions. Bioinformatics analysis identified 14 key intersected targets (including TNF, AKT1 and ESR1) between the n-butanol fraction and AD. Conclusion The therapeutic effect of n-butanol fraction of Periploca forrestii Schltr. ethanol extract in AD mice is mediated by its multiple active components that regulate multiple targets and pathways.
UPLC-QE-MS / 黑骨藤 / 正丁醇萃取部位 / 化学成分 / 阿尔茨海默病 / 网络药理学
UPLC-QE-MS / Periploca forrestii Schltr. / n-butanol extract / chemical constituents / Alzheimer's disease / network pharmacology
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国家自然科学基金委员会-贵州省人民政府联合基金(U1812403-2)
黔科合基础[2020]1Y372
贵州省高层次创新型人才项目(黔科合平台人才-GCC[2023]037)
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