Objective We propose a segmented backprojection tensor degradation feature encoding (SBP-MAC) model for motion artifact correction in dental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to improve the quality of the reconstructed images. Methods The proposed motion artifact correction model consists of a generator and a degradation encoder. The segmented limited-angle reconstructed sub-images are stacked into the tensors and used as the model input. A degradation encoder is used to extract spatially varying motion information in the tensor, and the generator's skip connection features are adaptively modulated to guide the model for correcting artifacts caused by different motion waveforms. The artifact consistency loss function was designed to simplify the learning task of the generator. Results The proposed model could effectively remove motion artifacts and improve the quality of the reconstructed images. For simulated data, the proposed model increased the peak signal-to-noise ratio by 8.28%, increased the structural similarity index measurement by 2.29%, and decreased the root mean square error by 23.84%. For real clinical data, the proposed model achieved the highest expert score of 4.4221 (against a 5-point scale), which was significantly higher than those of all the other comparison methods. Conclusion The SBP-MAC model can effectively extract spatially varying motion information in the tensors and achieve adaptive artifact correction from the tensor domain to the image domain to improve the quality of reconstructed dental CBCT images.
NgSY. Comparison between conventional dental radiography and CBCT[M]// Cone Beam CT in Dentistry. Cham: Springer, 2023: 271-330.
[2]
SchulzeRKW, DrageNA. Cone-beam computed tomography and its applications in dental and maxillofacial radiology[J]. Clin Radiol, 2020, 75(9): 647-57.
[3]
NemtoiA, CzinkC, HabaD, et al. Cone beam CT: a current overview of devices[J]. Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 2013, 42(8): 20120443.
[4]
Spin-NetoR, WenzelA. Patient movement and motion artefacts in cone beam computed tomography of the dentomaxillofacial region: a systematic literature review[J]. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol, 2016, 121(4): 425-33.
[5]
KerişEY. Effect of patient anxiety on image motion artefacts in CBCT[J]. BMC Oral Health, 2017, 17(1): 73.
Spin-NetoR, Hauge MatzenL, HermannL, et al. Head motion and perception of discomfort by young children during simulated CBCT examinations[J]. Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 2021, 50(3): 20200445.
[8]
Spin-NetoR, CostaC, SalgadoDM, et al. Patient movement characteristics and the impact on CBCT image quality and interpretability[J]. Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 2018, 47(1): 20170216.
[9]
Spin-NetoR, MatzenL H, SchroppL, et al. Factors affecting patient movement and re-exposure in cone beam computed tomography examination [J]. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol, 2015, 119(5): 572-8.
[10]
NardiC, TalianiGG, CastellaniA, et al. Repetition of examination due to motion artifacts in horizontal cone beam CT: comparison among three different kinds of head support[J]. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent, 2017, 7(4): 208-13.
[11]
Yildizer KerisE, DemirelO, OzdedeM. Evaluation of motion artifacts in cone-beam computed tomography with three different patient positioning[J]. Oral Radiol, 2021, 37(2): 276-81.
[12]
JacobsonMW, StaymanJW. Compensating for head motion in slowly-rotating cone beam CT systems with optimization transfer based motion estimation[C]//2008 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record. Dresden, Germany. IEEE, 2008: 5240-5.
[13]
KymeAZ, FultonRR. Motion estimation and correction in SPECT, PET and CT[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2021, 66(18): 18TR02.
[14]
OuadahS, JacobsonM, StaymanJW, et al. Correction of patient motion in cone-beam CT using 3D-2D registration[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2017, 62(23): 8813-31.
[15]
SunT, JacobsR, PauwelsR, et al. A motion correction approach for oral and maxillofacial cone-beam CT imaging[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2021, 66(12): 125008.
[16]
BergerM, MüllerK, AichertA, et al. Marker-free motion correction in weight-bearing cone-beam CT of the knee joint[J]. Med Phys, 2016, 43(3): 1235-48.
[17]
NieblerS, SchömerE, TjadenH, et al. Projection-based improvement of 3D reconstructions from motion-impaired dental cone beam CT data[J]. Med Phys, 2019, 46(10): 4470-80.
[18]
HernandezD, EldibME, HegazyMAA, et al. A head motion estimation algorithm for motion artifact correction in dental CT imaging[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2018, 63(6): 065014.
[19]
BergerM, XiaY, AichingerW, et al. Motion compensation for cone-beam CT using Fourier consistency conditions[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2017, 62(17): 7181-215.
[20]
AichertA, BergerM, WangJ, et al. Epipolar consistency in transmission imaging[J]. IEEE Trans Med Imaging, 2015, 34(11): 2205-19.
[21]
A'lvarez-BorregoJ. Fast autofocus algorithm for automated microscopes[J]. Opt Eng, 2005, 44(6): 063601.
[22]
WickleinJ, KyriakouY, KalenderWA, et al. An online motion- and misalignment-correction method for medical flat-detector CT[C]//SPIE Proceedings", "Medical Imaging 2013: Physics of Medical Imaging. Lake Buena Vista (Orlando Area), Florida, USA. SPIE, 2013: 466-72.
[23]
SisniegaA, StaymanJW, YorkstonJ, et al. Motion compensation in extremity cone-beam CT using a penalized image sharpness criterion[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2017, 62(9): 3712-34.
[24]
ZhangY, ZhangLY. A rigid motion artifact reduction method for CT based on blind deconvolution[J]. Algorithms, 2019, 12(8): 155.
[25]
GaoC, FengAQ, LiuXT, et al. A fully differentiable framework for 2D/3D registration and the projective spatial transformers[J]. IEEE Trans Med Imag, 2024, 43(1): 275-85.
[26]
AliASRA, LandiC, SartiC, et al. Non-iterative compensation for patient motion in dental CBCT imaging[C]//2023 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference and International Symposium on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors (NSS MIC RTSD). Vancouver, BC, Canada. IEEE, 2023: 1.
[27]
PreuhsA, ManhartM, RoserP, et al. Appearance learning for image-based motion estimation in tomography[J]. IEEE Trans Med Imaging, 2020, 39(11): 3667-78.
[28]
ThiesM, WagnerF, MaulN, et al. A gradient-based approach to fast and accurate head motion compensation in cone-beam CT[J]. IEEE Trans Med Imaging, 2024, doi: 10.1109/TMI.2024.3474250
[29]
AmirianM, Montoya-ZegarraJA, HerzigI, et al. Mitigation of motion-induced artifacts in cone beam computed tomography using deep convolutional neural networks[J]. Med Phys, 2023, 50(10): 6228-42.
[30]
KoY, MoonS, BaekJ, et al. Rigid and non-rigid motion artifact reduction in X-ray CT using attention module[J]. Med Image Anal, 2021, 67: 101883.
[31]
LiDS, ZhangY, CheungKC, et al. Learning degradation representations for Image deblurring[M]//Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022: 736-53.
[32]
ChenLY, ChuXJ, ZhangXY, et al. Simple baselines for Image restoration[M]//Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022: 17-33.
[33]
ParkT, LiuMY, WangTC, et al. Semantic image synthesis with spatially-adaptive normalization[C]//2019 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). Long Beach, CA, USA. IEEE, 2019: 2332-41.
[34]
HeKM, ZhangXY, RenSQ, et al. Deep residual learning for image recognition[C]//2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). Las Vegas, NV, USA. IEEE, 2016: 770-8.
[35]
MechrezR, TalmiI, ShamaF, et al. Maintaining natural image statistics with the contextual loss[C]//Asian Conference on Computer Vision. Cham: Springer, 2019: 427-443.
[36]
SimonyanK, ZissermanA. Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition[EB/OL]. 2014: arXiv: 1409.1556.
[37]
RonnebergerO, FischerP, BroxT. U-net: Convolutional networks for biomedical image segmentation [C]//2015 Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI). Munich, Germany. Springer International Publishing, 2015: 234-41.
[38]
ChenH, ZhangY, KalraMK, et al. Low-dose CT with a residual encoder-decoder convolutional neural network[J]. IEEE Trans Med Imaging, 2017, 36(12): 2524-35.
[39]
ChenLY, LuX, ZhangJ, et al. HINet: half instance normalization network for image restoration[C]//2021 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW). Nashville, TN, USA. IEEE, 2021: 182-92.
[40]
ZamirSW, AroraA, KhanS, et al. Restormer: efficient transformer for high-resolution image restoration[C]//2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). New Orleans, LA, USA. IEEE, 2022: 5718-29.