无牙颌患者种植治疗修复空间与修复方式的选择策略

Restorative space in edentulous patients and the clinical decision of implant restoration

摘要

无牙颌患者在种植修复的设计过程中，应充分考虑患者建𬌗后的修复空间能否足够容纳种植义齿上部结构和修复体，根据修复空间选择合适的修复方式。目前存在的困难在于临床上对修复空间的评估尚无统一的标准。当口内的修复空间与修复体设计不匹配时，会出现种植义齿的机械或生物学并发症。本文综述并明确了无牙颌患者垂直高度和水平关系的评估方法，介绍了相应的无牙颌种植修复方式的临床决策。本文推荐：在无牙颌患者种植治疗之前，记录天然牙或旧义齿保留的正确的颌位关系；使用数字化技术，获得患者口腔颌面部完整的数字化信息，从而构建出三维虚拟牙科患者模型；根据测量得出的垂直修复空间和水平关系，设计以功能和美学为导向的种植修复方案。

Abstract

The restoration space should be fully considered in designing the implant restoration for edentulous patients to accommodate the superstructure of implant dentures and prostheses and select the appropriate restoration method. However, no unified standard exists for the evaluation of restoration space in clinical practice. Mechanical or biological complications of implant dentures occur when the restorative space in the mouth does not match the prosthesis design. This study recommends recording the correct jaw relation retained by natural teeth or old dentures before implant treatment in edentulous patients. The complete digital information of the patient’s oral and maxillofacial region can be obtained using digital technology, and a three-dimensional virtual dental patient model can be constructed. A functional and aesthetically oriented implant restoration plan can be designed according to the measured vertical restoration space and horizontal relationship.

关键词

无牙颌 / 种植修复 / 垂直空间 / 水平关系

Key words

edentulous / implant restoration / vertical space / horizontal relation

Author summay

汤春波，教授，博士，Email：<email>[e-mail]</email>