中医外治法在矮身材儿童中的应用进展
Application progress of external therapies of traditional Chinese medicine in short stature children
儿童矮身材是儿科常见生长发育障碍,发病受遗传、内分泌、环境、营养等多重因素影响。中医外治因安全、无创、患儿依从性高等优势,已成为临床重要干预方式。本文通过检索、整理近年来国内外相关文献,系统归纳中药穴位敷贴、艾灸、针刺、穴位埋线、小儿推拿、耳穴压丸、中药足浴等中医外治法在儿童矮身材中的临床应用、作用机制与研究现状。通过分析各类疗法的适用范围、临床疗效及现存问题,总结不同疗法的应用特点与配伍规律。研究发现,多种中医外治法可通过调理经络气血、调整脏腑机能,促进儿童生长发育。本文全面梳理、归纳中医外治法在儿童矮身材诊疗中的应用进展,可为临床医师辨证选择个体化治疗方案提供文献依据,也为本类疗法的规范化应用与后续深入研究提供思路。
Short stature in children represents a common growth and developmental disorder in pediatric practice, with its pathogenesis influenced by multiple factors including genetics, endocrine function, environment, and nutrition. External therapies of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), characterized by safety, non-invasiveness, and high compliance among pediatric patients, have emerged as critical clinical interventions. Through the retrieval and review of relevant domestic and international literature published in recent years, this article systematically summarizes the clinical application, mechanisms of action, and current research status of TCM external therapies for pediatric short stature, encompassing acupoint application of Chinese herbal patches, moxibustion, acupuncture, acupoint catgut-embedding, pediatric Tuina, auricular pellet pressing, and foot bathing with Chinese herbs. By analyzing the indications, clinical efficacy, and existing limitations of each therapy, the application characteristics and compatibility rules of different therapeutic modalities are concluded. The research findings reveal that various TCM external therapies can promote children's growth and development by regulating meridians and qi and blood, as well as adjusting visceral functions. This article comprehensively summarizes the progress of TCM external therapies in the treatment of pediatric short stature, which provides a literature basis for clinicians to select individualized treatment regimens based on syndrome differentiation, and also offers ideas for the standardized application and further in-depth research of these therapies.
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国家中医药管理局第七批全国老中医药专家学术经验继承工作项目(国中医药人教函〔2022〕76号)
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