儿童功能性消化不良中医证候第一轮德尔菲专家咨询

First-round Delphi expert consultation on traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of functional dyspepsia in children

摘要

目的 运用德尔菲法调查专家对儿童功能性消化不良的证候诊断经验, 筛选证候的诊断指标, 评价其重要性, 为儿童功能性消化不良后续诊断标准构建提供候选证型和条目依据。方法 在文献研究的基础上, 重大疑难性疾病-儿童功能性消化不良中西医协同项目专家组于2025年8月至9月通过德尔菲法向遴选出的专家开展第一轮问卷调查, 运用Excel和SPSS Statistics 27.0统计软件, 对问卷数据进行录入、整理及统计分析, 计算专家积极系数、专家权威系数、专家意见协调程度及集中程度等。结果 共选取国内28名专家进行问卷调查, 问卷回收率为100%, 专家权威系数为0.845, 专家Kendall's W为0.194 (P<0.001)。第一轮专家调查问卷共设置脾胃气虚、脾虚气滞、脾胃虚寒、脾虚食滞、肝胃不和、脾胃湿热、寒热错杂、饮（乳）食积滞8个证型, 并对其证候特征进行分析。结论 该研究初步探讨了儿童功能性消化不良的中医证候分布规律及其特征, 为后续开展儿童功能性消化不良中医证候诊断标准及临床研究奠定基础。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the diagnostic experience of experts in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes of functional dyspepsia in children by using the Delphi method, screen the diagnostic indicators of TCM syndromes, and evaluate their importance, so as to provide candidate TCM syndrome types and items for the subsequent establishment of diagnostic criteria for functional dyspepsia in children. Methods Based on literature research, the first round of questionnaire survey was conducted from August to September 2025 among selected experts using the Delphi method by the Development Group of Diagnostic Criteria for TCM Syndromes of Functional Dyspepsia in Children. The results of the questionnaire were entered, organized, and statistically analyzed using Excel and SPSS Statistics 27.0 software, and the expert positive coefficient, expert authority coefficient, and coordination degree and concentration of expert opinions were calculated. Results A total of 28 domestic experts were selected for the questionnaire survey, with a questionnaire recovery rate of 100%. The expert authority coefficient was 0.845, and the expert Kendall's W was 0.194 (P<0.001). A total of 8 TCM syndrome types were established in the first round of expert questionnaire survey, including spleen-stomach Qi-deficiency syndrome, spleen-deficiency and Qi-stagnation syndrome, spleen-stomach deficiency-cold syndrome, spleen-deficiency with food stagnation syndrome, liver-stomach disharmony syndrome, spleen-stomach damp-heat syndrome, mixed cold-heat syndrome, milk and food stagnation syndrome. The characteristics of these TCM syndrome types were analyzed. Conclusion The study initially explores the distribution pattern and characteristics of TCM syndromes in pediatric functional dyspepsia, laying a foundation for subsequent research on the diagnostic criteria and clinical studies of TCM syndromes in pediatric functional dyspepsia.

关键词

功能性消化不良 / 德尔菲法 / 中医证候 / 专家问卷 / 儿童

Key words

Functional dyspepsia / Delphi method / TCM syndrome / Expert questionnaire / Child

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基金资助

重大疑难疾病中西医临床协作项目(2024-1)

王雪峰全国名老中医药专家传承工作室建设项目(国中医药人教发〔2022〕75号)