基于数据挖掘分析中医药治疗儿童幽门螺杆菌感染相关再发性腹痛的用药特点

Medication characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection-related recurrent abdominal pain in children: a data mining analysis

摘要

目的 基于数据挖掘分析中医药治疗儿童幽门螺杆菌感染相关再发性腹痛的组方规律。方法 收集2024年1月至2025年9月天津中医药大学第二附属医院儿科门诊就诊的幽门螺杆菌感染相关再发性腹痛患儿的临床中药处方数据库。运用Excel 统计药物性味、归经及使用频次；采用R 语言进行关联规则分析与聚类分析, 挖掘核心药物组合。结果 共纳入86例患儿, 获得104首有效处方, 涉及中药98味。药性以温、寒、平为主, 药味以甘、苦、辛为多, 归经集中于胃、脾、肺、肝四经。高频药物（前10 位）包括柴胡（90次）、延胡索（72次）、神曲（71次）、陈皮（61次）、白芍（52次）、莱菔子（52次）、山药（52次）、砂仁（51次）、黄芩（50 次）、白术（50 次）。关联规则分析显示：排名前5 位的组合情况为{延胡索、赭石}=>{旋覆花}, {延胡索、神曲、白术}=>{茯苓}, {柴胡、延胡索、神曲、白术}=>{茯苓}, {柴胡、神曲、赭石}=>{旋覆花}, {神曲、陈皮、白术}=>{茯苓}。聚类分析将高频药物分为5 类：C1 类包含砂仁、莱菔子、鸡内金、山楂、厚朴；C2 类有陈皮、柴胡、延胡索、神曲；C3 类为木香、白术、茯苓、白芍、莪术、山药；C4 类是赭石、旋覆花、枳壳；C5 类（药对）则是黄芩与黄连；结合高频药物、关联规则及聚类结果, 筛选确定“柴胡-延胡索-神曲-白术-茯苓”为核心处方。结论 儿童幽门螺杆菌感染相关再发性腹痛的治疗遵循扶正祛邪、健脾护胃之法。“柴胡-延胡索-神曲-白术-茯苓”可作为核心处方。

Abstract

Objective To analyze the prescription patterns of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection-related recurrent abdominal pain in children based on data mining. Methods Clinical traditional Chinese medicine prescription data were collected from children with Helicobacter pylori infection-related recurrent abdominal pain who attended the pediatric outpatient department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2024 to September 2025, and a prescription database was subsequently established. The properties, flavors, meridian tropisms, and use frequencies of the drugs were statistically analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Association rule analysis and cluster analysis were performed with R language to identify core drug combinations. Results A total of 86 children were included, yielding 104 effective prescriptions involving 98 Chinese herbal medicines. The medicinal properties were predominantly warm, cold, and neutral; the flavors were mainly sweet, bitter, and pungent; the meridian tropisms were concentrated in the stomach, spleen, lung, and liver meridians. The top 10 high-frequency drugs were Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, 90 times), Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizoma, 72 times), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata, 71 times), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 61 times), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 52 times), Laifuzi (Raphani Semen, 52 times), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, 52 times), Sharen (Amomi Fructus, 51 times), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 50 times), and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 50 times). Association rule analysis revealed that the top 5 combinations were as follows: {Yanhusuo, Zheshi (Haematitum)}⇒{Xuanfuhua (Inulae Flos)}, {Yanhusuo, Shenqu, Baizhu} ⇒ {Fuling (Poria)}, {Chaihu, Yanhusuo, Shenqu, Baizhu}⇒{Fuling}, {Chaihu, Shenqu, Zheshi} ⇒ {Xuanfuhua}, and {Shenqu, Chenpi, Baizhu}⇒{Fuling}. Cluster analysis categorized the high-frequency drugs into 5 classes: C1 included Sharen, Laifuzi, Jineijin (Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum), Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus), and Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex); C2 included Chenpi, Chaihu, Yanhusuo, and Shenqu; C3 included Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Baizhu, Fuling, Baishao, Ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma), and Shanyao; C4 consisted of Zheshi, Xuanfuhua, and Zhiqiao (Aurantii Fructus); C5 (herbal pair) comprised Huangqin and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma). Based on the high-frequency drugs, association rules, and clustering results, "Chaihu-Yanhusuo-Shenqu-Baizhu-Fuling" was identified as the core prescription. Conclusion The treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection-related recurrent abdominal pain in children follows the principles of supporting healthy Qi and eliminating pathogenic factors, and invigorating the spleen and protecting the stomach. "Chaihu–Yanhusuo–Shenqu–Baizhu–Fuling" can be recommended as the core prescription.

关键词

再发性腹痛 / 幽门螺杆菌 / 数据挖掘 / 儿童

Key words

Recurrent abdominal pain / Helicobacter pylori / Data mining / Child

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