岩溶桩基充填体稳定性协同监测技术研究

Research on Collaborative Monitoring Technology for Backfill Stability of Karst Pile Foundations

摘要

针对岩溶地区冲孔灌注桩穿越大型溶洞时,混凝土灌注过程中溶洞充填体易发生失稳破坏,而常规监测手段滞后、难以直接捕捉内部力学响应的问题,设计并应用了一套基于压力-变形协同响应的实时监测预警系统。该系统集成了阵列式位移计、振弦式土压力传感器、智能采集模块及自动化预警平台,通过5G通信实现毫秒级数据同步采集与传输。工程应用表明,该系统能准确捕捉充填体在失稳瞬间的侧向压力骤降与水平位移突增的协同特征,实现了对充填体稳定性的判别。该技术将岩溶区桩基施工监测从传统的人工经验判断转向数据智能驱动,为施工风险控制提供了可靠的技术支撑。

Abstract

To address the problem of instability and failure of the karst cave backfill during concrete pouring when bored cast-in-place piles pass through large karst caves in karst areas, as well as the lag of conventional monitoring methods and the difficulty of directly capturing internal mechanical responses, a real-time monitoring and early warning system based on pressure-deformation collaborative response was designed and applied. The system integrated array displacement meters, vibrating wire earth pressure cells, intelligent acquisition modules, and an automated early warning platform, achieving millisecond-level synchronized data acquisition and transmission through 5G communication. Engineering applications show that the system can accurately capture the collaborative characteristics of sudden lateral pressure drop and horizontal displacement surge at the moment of backfill instability, enabling precise identification of backfill stability status. This technology transforms pile foundation construction monitoring in karst areas from traditional manual experience-based judgment to data-driven intelligence, providing reliable technical support for construction risk control.

关键词

岩溶桩 / 充填体稳定性 / 协同监测 / 压力-变形 / 实时预警

Key words

karst pile / backfill stability / collaborative monitoring / pressure-deformation / real-time early warning

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