铁路纵断面线形参数变化量与垂向偏差模型研究

Research on Linear Parameter Variation and Vertical Deviation Model of Railway Vertical Alignment

摘要

基于惯性导航的轨道检测设备可获取亚毫米级垂向偏差,为纵断面优化提供基础。但传统方法依赖三维坐标拟合,外业需布设控制网,效率低;既有垂向偏差计算模型未建立变坡点参数与垂向偏差量的解析关系,难以由相对测量值反演竖曲线要素。针对该问题,提出直接利用垂向偏差的纵断面优化模型,采用偏微分推导了变坡点高程与里程对垂向偏差影响的定量关系,实现了仅凭轨检仪垂向偏差数据解算竖曲线参数。仿真试验表明,模型计算垂向偏差与理论值吻合,误差小于0.1mm,满足精度要求。该方法无需三维坐标,利用相对测量轨检小车完成优化,提高外业效率,解决了垂向偏差直接反演竖曲线参数的难题,为线路状态评估与优化提供理论依据。

Abstract

The track detection equipment based on inertial navigation can obtain sub-millimeter vertical deviation, providing the basis for vertical section optimization. However, the traditional method relies on three-dimensional coordinate fitting, and the field requires the deployment of a control network, which is inefficient. The existing vertical deviation calculation model does not establish the analytical relationship between the slope point parameters and the vertical deviation, and it is difficult to invert the vertical curve elements from the relative measurement values. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposed a vertical section optimization model directly utilizing vertical deviation, and used partial differential analysis to derive the quantitative relationship between the elevation of the variable slope point and the mileage on the vertical deviation. The vertical curve parameters were resolved only by the vertical deviation data of the track inspection instrument. The simulation results show that the vertical deviation calculated by the model is consistent with the theoretical value, with an error of less than 0.1 mm, meeting the accuracy requirements. This method does not require three-dimensional coordinates, and utilizes the relative measurement track inspection trolley to complete the optimization, improve the field efficiency, and solve the problem of direct inversion of vertical curve parameters by vertical deviation. It provides a theoretical basis for line state evaluation and optimization.

关键词

铁路 / 线形优化 / 纵断面线路参数变化 / 垂向偏差 / 数学模型

Key words

railway / alignment optimization / vertical section linear parameter variation / vertical deviation / mathematical model

参考文献

[1] 陈勋. 高速铁路无砟轨道精调作业综合评价方法研究[J]. 华东交通大学学报, 2016, 33(6): 72-76.

[2] 彭剑秋, 刘成龙, 彭攀, 等. 铁路实际线形测量与计算方法的研究[J]. 铁道勘察, 2010, 36(2): 4-7.

[3] 郭良浩, 刘成龙, 宋韬, 等. 铁路既有线平面和竖面线形精确分段方法研究[J]. 铁道工程学报, 2014, 31(7): 48-52.

[4] 曾俊豪. 基于线性回归和遗传算法的既有铁路纵断面拟合探讨[J]. 石家庄铁道大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 34(4): 110-116.

[5] 石德斌. 运营高铁线路平纵断面线形评估与优化研究[J]. 铁道工程学报, 2019, 36(2): 7-10.

[6] 陈起金. 基于 A-INS组合导航的铁路轨道几何状态精密测量技术研究[D]. 武汉: 武汉大学, 2016: 1-14.

[7] 周命端, 王淼, 张文尧, 等. 线路曲线点位测设数据计算软件设计与开发[J]. 测绘工程, 2021, 30(1): 37-42.

[8] 许微微, 吴瑞国. 竖曲线最值点位置及曲线任意点高程准确计算[J]. 山西建筑, 2014, 40(32): 214-216.

[9] TB10098-2017 铁路线路设计规范[S].

[10] 陈文. 高速铁路轨道静态检测数据处理方法研究[D]. 成都: 西南交通大学, 2015: 30-33.

[11] 阳志. 顾及轨道检测的高铁工务维护数据库系统设计与实现[D]. 成都: 西南交通大学, 2017: 46-57.

[12] 李阳腾龙, 岑敏仪, 白璇, 等. 高速铁路轨道检测的横向偏差算法研究[J]. 铁道学报, 2016, 38(8): 119-126.