含离合惯容与接地刚度的改进 Voigt 型动力吸振器

Improved Voigt-Type Dynamic Vibration Absorber with a Clutching Inerter and Grounded Stiffness

摘要

针对传统 Voigt 型动力吸振器减振频带窄、性能受限于质量比的问题，提出了一种融合离合惯容与接地刚度的改进型动力吸振器模型。该模型在经典 Voigt 结构基础上，通过引入兼具惯性调节与单向能量耗散特性的离合惯容，以及可调整系统刚度分布的接地弹簧，构成了一种新型被动控制装置。采用平均法推导系统的近似解析解，进一步利用遗传算法对刚度比、频率比和阻尼比等关键参数进行全局优化，并结合数值仿真验证其正确性和准确性。研究表明，离合惯容显著抑制了传统惯容的能量回馈问题，其类阻尼特性增强了系统稳定性与能耗能力，接地刚度的引入则进一步优化了系统固有频率分布。通过与多种典型动力吸振器在相同质量比与惯质比条件下进行对比验证，结果表明，该改进模型能显著降低主系统共振幅值，同时有效拓宽减振频带，表现出更优越的综合振动抑制性能。此研究为设计高性能被动动力吸振器提供了新的理论依据与优化设计方法，在机械工程振动控制领域具有良好的应用价值。

Abstract

An improved dynamic vibration absorber（DVA）model integrating clutching inerter and grounded stiffness was proposed to address the issues of narrow vibration reduction frequency band and performance limitations due to mass ratio in traditional Voigt-type DVAs.Based on the classic Voigt DVA structure，this model incorporated a clutching inerter with both inertial modulation and unidirectional energy dissipation characteristics，as well as a grounded spring that can adjust the system stiffness distribution，to form a new type of passive control device.The approximate analytical solution of the system was derived using the averaging method，and the key parameters such as stiffness ratio， frequency ratio and damping ratio were globally optimized using genetic algorithm.The correctness and accuracy of these parameters were verified through numerical simulation.The analysis shows that the clutching inerter effectively avoids the energy feedback problem of traditional inerter，and its quasi- damping characteristics enhance system stability and energy absorption capacity.The introduction of grounded stiffness further optimizes the distribution of the system natural frequencies.This performance is verified by comparison with various typical DVAs under the same mass ratio and inertial ratio conditions.The results show that the proposed improved model can significantly reduce the resonance amplitude of the primary system while effectively broadening the vibration reduction frequency band，demonstrating superior overall vibration suppression performance.This study provides new theoretical basis and optimization design method for designing high-performance passive DVAs， which has good engineering application value in the field of vibration control in mechanical engineering.

关键词

离合惯容 / 动力吸振器 / 接地刚度 / 参数优化

Key words

clutching inerter / dynamic vibration absorber / grounded stiffness / parameter optimiza- tion

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金(12272242)

国家自然科学基金(12572019)