1. College of Electronic and Information Engineering
2. Liaoning General Aviation Academy,Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136,China
3. Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Science and Technology for Electromagnetic environmental Effects,Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Shenyang 110035,China
4. Computer Networks and Applications,Unit 31423 of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army,Shenyang 110163,China
To address the problem of whether the current BDS satellite navigation system high-precision spatial signal ranging accuracy can meet user’s requirements,A method was constructed to evaluate the signal-in-space integrity performance of high-precision BDS by means of orbital and clock recovery, signal in space anomaly rejection and error envelope modeling. An abnormal signal in space rejection method with combined fault trend and threshold judgment was proposed, which could accurately reject the start and end moments of signal in space abnormalities and improve the accuracy of signal in space integrity performance assessment compared with the empirical threshold method. By processing the actual data of CNES from January 2021 to January 2022, the evaluation results of the high-precision user ranging accuracy were given, and the values were analyzed for significant inter-orbit variability and weak inter-satellite variability.
为满足广大实时用户导航定位需求,国际全球导航卫星系统服务于2007年6月正式启动实时计划项目(Real-Time Pilot Project, RTPP),并于2013年4月正式提供实时精密数据[1]。服务端提供的是基于状态空间表述(State Space Representation, SSR)的改正数,如卫星钟差改正、卫星轨道改正等这些误差共同构成了卫星导航定位的状态空间。为保障空域内飞行安全和无人机集群协同对抗的应用[2],实时精密单点定位服务端在播发实时轨道和时钟数据的同时需提供相应的完好性信息来保证空间信号性能。
为描述高精度空间信号测距误差(Signal In Space Range Error, SISRE)的大小,用户测距精度(User Ranging Accuracy, URA)提供了未知大小的高精度SISRE的保守估计。该参数虽然在导航信息中可用,但在提供给航空用户之前需经过空中导航服务提供商的验证或调整[3]。已有一些针对GPS、GLONASS、GALILEO和BDS的SISRE特性的研究工作。文献[4-5]验证了GPS的完好性支持消息(Integrity Support Message, ISM)参数。Wang等[6]通过对比2013-2017年广播星历与精密星历,得到相应的SISRE大小并分析其误差包络情况。结果表明,2 m的URA不能完全满足在评估期间内的系统性能,但以2.4 m为阈值的URA可以满足且更适合用户。Chen等[7]分析了2016年1月以来大约5年的北斗广播星历和武汉大学的精密数据,结果表明,与BDS-2卫星相比,BDS-3卫星的广播轨道误差性能显著提高。Wang等[8]分析了GPS卫星的SISRE的包络参数,结果表明由于LEO卫星GRACE FO-1的几何结构因素影响,计算其平均情况下的包络标准差在分米级。
SISRE是卫星信号传输过程中空间段的误差源,它可以描述在统计中由星历误差引起空间段误差的不确定性[13-14]。位于卫星覆盖区内的每个用户拥有不同的视线(Line-of-sight, LOS)矢量,因此将经历不同的瞬时用户测距误差(Instantaneous User Range Error, IURE)[15]。GPS、SPS、PS将SISRE定义为位于卫星可见范围内用户的所有IURE的平均值。最坏情况下的URE(Worst User Range Error, WURE)代表特定时间卫星覆盖区内用户的最大IURE[16]。实时数据流中会播发URA信息,用来保守地估计SISRE的不确定性[17]。
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