C/SiC-ZrC四棱锥点阵结构复合材料的压缩性能

杜洋; 杨帆; 袁子鑫; 王威龙; 赵晋芳; 陈萍; 牛茜茜

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1248.2023.06.003

沈阳航空航天大学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6) : 15 -20. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1248.2023.06.003

机械与材料工程

C/SiC-ZrC四棱锥点阵结构复合材料的压缩性能

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Compression properties of C/SiC-ZrC quadrangular pyramid lattice structure composites

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摘要

C/SiC四棱锥点阵结构复合材料具有轻质、高强承力及隔热等特点，可以应用于高超声速飞行器的热防护系统中，但在高温环境中其力学性能明显下降。为提高C/SiC四棱锥点阵结构复合材料在高温环境下的力学性能，在C/SiC四棱锥点阵结构复合材料基体中引入高熔点的ZrC材料，采用先驱体浸渍裂解法（precusor infiltration pyrolysis，PIP）制备了C/SiC-ZrC四棱锥点阵结构复合材料，分别在室温、1 200 ℃和1 600 ℃进行高温处理；冷却后室温条件下对C/SiC-ZrC四棱锥点阵结构复合材料进行压缩力学性能的测试，获得材料对应的弹性模量和压缩强度；采用扫描电子显微镜（scanning electral microscope，SEM）和X射线衍射仪（X-ray diffractometer，XRD）观察了高温处理后C/SiC-ZrC四棱锥点阵结构复合材料的表面特征；研究热处理前后材料的物相和组分的变化；分析高温处理后C/SiC-ZrC四棱锥点阵结构复合材料力学性能提高的原因，同时与C/SiC四棱锥点阵结构复合材料力学性能进行比较。结果表明，高温热处理后C/SiC-ZrC四棱锥点阵结构复合材料的力学性能有显著提高。

Abstract

The C/SiC quadrangular pyramid lattice structure composite has the functions of lightweight，high strength load bearing，heat insulation， and so on， which can be used in the thermal protection system of hypersonic aircraft， but its mechanical properties decline significantly in high-temperature environments. In order to improve the mechanical properties of C/SiC quadrangular pyramid lattice structure composites at high-temperature，ZrC was introduced with high melting point into the matrix of C/SiC quadrangular pyramid lattice structure composites， and the C/SiC-ZrC quadrangular pyramid lattice structure composite was prepared by precursor impregnation and pyrolysis （PIP）. The compressive mechanical properties of the C/SiC-ZrC quadrangular pyramid lattice structure composite were tested at room temperature after high-temperature treatment at room temperature， 1 200 ℃ and 1 600 ℃ respectively， and the corresponding elastic modulus and compressive strength of the material were obtained. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） and X-ray diffractometer （XRD） were used to observe the surface characteristics of C/SiC-ZrC quadrangular pyramid lattice structure composites after high-temperature treatment， the phase and composition of the materials before and after heat treatment were studied， the reasons for the improvement of mechanical properties of C/SiC-ZrC quadrangular pyramid lattice structure composites after high-temperature treatment were analyzed， and simultaneously a comparison was made with the mechanical properties of C/SiC quadrangular pyramid lattice structure composites. The results show that the mechanical properties of C/SiC-ZrC quadrangular pyramid lattice structure composites are significantly improved after high-temperature heat treatment.