基于DNA变构的智能分子信息处理研究进展

郑学东; 谭诗霖

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1248.2025.01.001

沈阳航空航天大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1) : 1 -13. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1248.2025.01.001

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基于DNA变构的智能分子信息处理研究进展

郑学东 ,
谭诗霖

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Research progress on intelligent molecular information processing based on DNA allostery

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摘要

因其强大的信息存储和编程能力，DNA被视为最有前途的新型信息存储与处理材料，亟需开发新型DNA操纵技术及信息处理策略，以在非传统介质中实现纳米级信息存储与处理，为构造新一代智能分子信息处理系统提供工具。基于生物体内信号调控与通讯的基本机制，从DNA变构的角度，对近年来的相关研究进行了总结。首先，对DNA电路的相关研究进行了总结，包括DNA链置换技术及蛋白质酶的应用。然后，从信息处理及计算平台两方面，对智能分子信息处理的重要研究成果进行了分析与总结，包括DNA神经网络、具备学习能力的模拟生化反应系统、基于DNA折纸的计算框架等。通过梳理这些成果，分析了当前智能分子信息处理研究中面临的关键问题，并给出了潜在的解决方案。最后，对该领域的未来发展方向及应用前景进行了总结与展望，相信分子信息处理技术将为人类社会带来更加高效、智能的信息处理方式。

Abstract

Due to its powerful information storage and programming capabilities， DNA is regarded as the most promising new material for information storage and processing. There is an urgent need to develop novel DNA manipulation techniques and information processing strategies to achieve nanoscale information storage and processing in non-traditional media， thereby providing the tools for construc-ting a new generation of intelligent molecular information processing systems. Based on the basic mechanism of signal regulation and communication in organisms， relevant research in recent years from the perspective of DNA molecular allostery was summarized. Firstly， relevant research on DNA circuits was summarized， including DNA strand displacement technology and the application of protein enzymes. Secondly， the important research results of intelligent molecular information processing from two aspects of information processing and computing platform were analyzed and summarized， inclu-ding DNA neural networks， analog biochemical reaction systems with learning ability， and computing frameworks based on DNA origami. By sorting out these studies， the key problems faced in current intelligent molecular information processing research were analyzed and potential solutions were proposed. Finally， the future directions and applications of this field were summarized and prospected.It is believed that molecular information processing technology will bring more efficient and intelligent information processing methods to human society.