改性氮化硼对膨胀型耐火涂层火灾安全性的影响

李彦龙; 宋咏起; 张衍松; 李润东

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1248.2025.02.010

沈阳航空航天大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2) : 81 -89. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1248.2025.02.010

能源与环境工程

改性氮化硼对膨胀型耐火涂层火灾安全性的影响

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Effect of modified boron nitride on fire safety of intumescent refractory coatings

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摘要

采用质量分数为30%过氧化氢溶剂，通过水热/超声联合制备的方法剥离和改性六方氮化硼（h—BN），制备羟基化六方氮化硼纳米片（BN—OH）。以BN—OH、硅烷偶联剂（APTES）和六苯氧基环三磷腈（HPCTP）为填料，采用熔融共混的方法制备了BN—OH/APTES—HPCTP膨胀型耐火涂层。探究BN—OH和HPCTP对膨胀型耐火涂层阻燃性和抑烟性的影响。根据锥形量热仪（cone calorimeter，CCT）测试可知，BN—OH/APTES—HPCTP膨胀型耐火涂层的火灾增长指数（fire growth index，FGI）最低，热释放速率峰值（peak heat release rate，pHRR）和烟气释放速率峰值（peak smoke produce rate，pSPR）相比传统膨胀型耐火涂层分别降低了17. 37%和22. 39%。研究结果表明，HPCTP辅助膨胀体系（IFR）催化环氧树脂（EP）膨胀形成炭层，改性氮化硼（BN—OH/APTES）有利于提高炭层的致密性，阻挡可燃性气体接近基材，从而减少火灾对基材的破坏。

Abstract

Hydroxylated boron nitride nanosheets （BN—OH） were prepared by using 30% hydrogen peroxide solvent to strip and modify hexagonal boron nitride （h—BN） by the method of combined hydrothermal/ultrasound preparation. BN—OH/APTES—HPCTP intumescent refractory coatings were prepared by melt blending method using BN—OH， silane coupling agent （APTES） and hexaphenoxycyclictriphosphonitrile （HPCTP） as filler materials. The impact of BN—OH and HPCTP on flame retardant and smoke suppression property of intumescent refractory coatings was explored. According to the cone calorimeter （CCT） test， the BN—OH/APTES—HPCTP intumescent refractory coatings had the lowest fire growth index （FGI）， and the thermal release rate peak （pHRR） and smoke release rate peak （pSPR） were reduced by 17.37% and 22.39%， respectively， compared with conventional intumescent refractory coatings. It is found that HPCTP-assisted intumescence system （IFR） catalyses the expansion of epoxy resin （EP） to form a carbon layer. The modified boron nitride （BN—OH/APTES） is beneficial to improving the compactness of the carbon layer and preventing the flammable gas from approaching the substrate， thereby reducing the damage of the substrate caused by fire.