低空经济背景下无人机物流配送中心选址分配问题
The location-allocation problem of unmanned aerial vehicle logistics distribution centers under the background of low altitude economy
为探究低空城市末端配送场景下,无人机配送中心选址分配的协同优化问题,在综合考虑地理区域特征、无人机性能及配送时效的基础上,以沈阳非禁飞区的20所高校为研究对象,进行模拟仿真实验,解决该问题背景下的选址分配问题。针对无人机物流配送的特点,分析配送中心的选址分配问题,考虑特定区域环境及无人机的特点,以总成本最小为目标函数构建多约束条件的数学模型。通过手肘聚类方法确定配送中心的数量,并结合模拟退火优化算法得到在总经济成本最小目标下的最优配送中心坐标及分配方案,考虑配送中心的负载率与容量约束对配送中心位置的影响。使用Python对现实环境进行模拟仿真实验,求出算法的最优解即最优选址分配方案。
To investigate the collaborative optimization problem of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) distribution center location-allocation in the context of low-altitude urban last-mile delivery, the simulation experiments were conducted on 20 universities within the no-fly zone-exempt areas of Shenyang, which comprehensively considered geographical regional characteristics, UAV performance attributes, and delivery time constraints to address the location-allocation problem within this specific operational context. The characteristics of unmanned aerial vehicle logistics distribution were examined and analyzed the location-allocation problem of distribution centers. Considering specific regional environments and the unique features of unmanned aerial vehicle, a multi-constraint mathematical model was constructed with the objective of minimizing total costs. The elbow clustering method was employed to determine the number of distribution centers, while a simulated annealing optimization algorithm was applied to derive optimal coordinates and allocation scheme under the goal of minimizing total economic costs. The influence of distribution center load rates and capacity constraints on location selection was also considered. Finally, a simulation experiment based on real-world conditions was conducted using Python to obtain the algorithm's optimal solution—namely, the best location-allocation scheme.
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辽宁省科技厅公益基金(2026JH4/10100041)
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