燃气涡轮叶片高温蠕变致振机理与控制优化
Mechanism and control optimization of vibration induced by high-temperature creep in gas turbine blades
为了揭示某型涡轴发动机150 h持久试车中突发振动超限故障的根本原因,结合理化检验与热-机耦合仿真开展了全链条机理剖析。研究表明,防冰系统介入诱发严重的瞬态热冲击,导致DZ22合金叶片发生典型的γ′相筏状退化与加速蠕变伸长。叶片径向超长引发强烈的动静碰磨,造成逾60 g·cm的转子不平衡量,最终导致转子振动突发越限。Larson-Miller模型核算证实,极端热负荷使受灾局部蠕变寿命自150 h锐减至约80.5 h,与实际拆换节点及部位精准吻合。据此,制定了“先降工况、后开防冰”的时序控制方案。台架试验表明,该策略从源头彻底平抑了热超调现象,消除了转子碰磨隐患,保障了同型机后续试车安全。
To reveal the root cause of the sudden vibration-exceedance fault during the 150h endurance test of a certain type of turboshaft engine, the physicochemical inspection was combined with thermal-mechanical coupling simulation to carry out a full-chain mechanism analysis. The results show that severe transient thermal shocks induced by the anti-icing system’s intervention cause typical γ′-phase rafting degradation and accelerated creep elongation in DZ22 alloy blades. This excessive radial growth then triggered intense rotor-stator rubbing, generating an unbalance exceeding 60 g·cm and ultimately causing a sudden rotor vibration exceedance. Larson-Miller model calculations confirm that the extreme thermal load drastically reduces the local creep life from 150 h to approximately 80.5 h, precisely matching the actual removal timing and location. Based on these findings, a sequential control strategy of “reduce operating condition first, then activate anti-icing” was developed. Bench test results demonstrate that this strategy completely suppresses thermal overshoot at the source, eliminates the risk of rotor rubbing, and successfully ensures the safety of subsequent endurance tests for the same engine type.
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辽宁省国际科技合作计划项目(2025JH2/101900009)
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