结构方程-决策树双模型解码医学本科生的职业生涯规划
汪泉方 , 徐显亮 , 李妙辉 , 王欣 , 刘书妍 , 冯泰允 , 巨曼钰 , 吕信儒 , 师梦静 , 赵诗迪 , 王婧 , 陈方尧
医学教育研究与实践 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3) : 329 -335.
结构方程-决策树双模型解码医学本科生的职业生涯规划
Medical Undergraduates’ Career Planning Decoded by Dual Model of Structural Equation-Decision Tree
目的 调查医学本科生群体的专业认同感、职业认同感、生涯规划情况及择业就业意愿,建立职业生涯规划模型并确定影响基层就业意愿的主要因素。 方法 对1 109位医学本科生进行问卷调查,使用结构方程模型建立专业认同、职业认同及生涯规划三者的结构关系,使用决策树分析基层就业意愿的影响因素。 结果 医学本科生专业认同平均得分15.6(总分20),职业认同平均得分23.7(总分30),生涯规划平均得分15.7(总分20)。95.6%的学生愿意从事医学相关职业,68.9%的学生愿意在基层就业。医学本科生的专业认同感与职业认同感二者呈正相关,交互正向影响生涯规划(P<0.001),且职业认同感的作用更大。影响基层就业意愿的因素有年级、专业、专业认同、职业认同及生涯规划。临床医学大五年级的学生最不愿意到基层就业(25.0%),而非临床医学专业、职业专业认同程度较高的大三至大五年级的学生具有最强的基层就业意愿(98.3%)。 结论 医学本科生的专业认同程度、职业认同感程度较高,生涯规划良好。需将专业认同与职业认同教育有机结合,依据专业、年级特点制定生涯规划教育方案,引导医学本科生开展合理有效的职业生涯规划。
Objective To investigate the specialty identity, professional identity, career planning and employment intention among the medical undergraduate students, establish a career planning model, and determine the main factors influencing the grassroots employment intention. Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted among 1109 medical undergraduates. Structural equation model was used to establish the structural relationship among specialty identity, professional identity, and career planning. Decision tree was applied to analyze the influencing factors of grassroots employment intentions. Results Undergraduate medical students had a mean score of 15.6 (/20) on the specialty identity section, 23.7 (/30) on the professional identity section, and 15.7 (/20) on the career planning section. 95.6% of the students were willing to pursue a career in a medical-related occupation, and 68.9% were willing to be employed at a grassroots position. The specialty identity and professional identity of medical undergraduates were positively correlated, and the interaction positively affected career planning (P<0.001). The role of professional identity was greater. The main factors influencing grassroots employment intentions included grade, major, specialty identity, professional identity, and career planning. Students with the major of Clinical Medicine in grade five were the least likely to be willing to pursue grassroots employment (25.0%), whereas non-Clinical Medicine major, grade three to five students with higher levels of professional identity had the strongest grassroots employment intentions (98.3%). Conclusion Medical undergraduates have a higher degree of specialty identity, higher degree of professional identity, and better career planning. It is necessary to organically combine specialty and professional identity education, develop individualized career planning education based on major and grade characteristics, and guide medical undergraduates to carry out reasonable and efficient career planning.
| [1] |
国务院办公厅.关于加快医学教育创新发展的指导意见[EB/OL].(2020-09-17) [2024-01-25]. |
| [2] |
廖海霞,马珺 .我国医学生结构性就业难的原因及对策探析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(2):380-383. |
| [3] |
中共中央办公厅,国务院办公厅. 关于进一步引导和鼓励高校毕业生到基层工作的意见[EB/OL]. (2017-01-24)[2024-01-25]. |
| [4] |
国务院办公厅.关于优化调整稳就业政策措施全力促发展惠民生的通知[EB/OL].(2023-04-26) [2024-01-25]. |
| [5] |
耿懿洋,郝文萌 .大学生专业认同现状及其对职业生涯规划的影响[J].黑龙江科学,2022,13(16):112-114. |
| [6] |
蓝晓燕,刘紫一,程雅琴, |
| [7] |
张静,张瑛,周芸, |
| [8] |
殷越 .企业青年员工职业认同及其职业生涯规划的关系探究[D].郑州:郑州大学,2020. |
| [9] |
王敏 .专业认同与职业认同对社工硕士毕业生就业选择的影响:以B市S大学六届社会工作硕士毕业生为例[D].北京:首都经济贸易大学,2018. |
| [10] |
张萌,周晓莹 .医学生职业价值观、专业认同、就业力关系研究:以广西某医学院校为例[J].医学教育研究与实践,2024,32(4):494-498. |
| [11] |
张锦平,周梅,吴林雄, |
| [12] |
黄仙红,林禄静,王小合, |
| [13] |
黄芬,黄子娴,黄佳微, |
| [14] |
|
| [15] |
邹嘉瑜,周梅芳 .临床医学本科生从事社区全科医生工作的意愿及其影响因素研究[J].医学教育研究与实践,2018,26(6):970-974. |
| [16] |
秦攀博 .大学生专业认同的特点及其相关研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2009. |
| [17] |
张丽莉 .医学生职业认同现状及影响因素研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2010. |
| [18] |
金科 .大学生生涯规划现状研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2008. |
| [19] |
王孟成 .潜变量建模与Mplus应用 · 基础篇[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2014. |
| [20] |
苏凇,孙川,陈荣 .文化价值观、消费者感知价值和购买决策风格:基于中国城市化差异的比较研究[J].南开管理评论,2013,16(1):102-109. |
| [21] |
|
| [22] |
严吉,杨超群,金学睿, |
| [23] |
郑致成,陶磊,王铭泽 .后疫情时代医学生职业认同与职业规划现状及影响因素研究[J].中国卫生事业管理,2022,39(12):941-945. |
| [24] |
谢丽敏,李忠民,刘莉, |
| [25] |
杨承慧,王震 .“医学+X” 复合型人才培养模式改革与探索[J].医学教育研究与实践,2023,31(1):11-15. |
| [26] |
管琳娜,和清,詹丽丽 .医学本科生基层就业意愿的调查研究[J].教育教学论坛,2022(25):156-159. |
| [27] |
申小雪,李美曼,宁艳花, |
| [28] |
西安交通大学.西安交通大学学生就业引领计划实施方案[EB/OL].(2019-03-07)[2024-01-25]. |
教育部高校思想政治工作队伍培训研修中心(西安交通大学)研究课题(XJTUSZ2023006)
国运-交大青年领导力基金项目“医路畅行,职通未来”
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |