国际中文教育背景下中医术语的意合机制及教学策略
Parataxis Mechanism and Teaching Strategies of TCM Terminology in the Context of International Chinese Language Education
词汇历来是国际中文教学的重点,术语则是中医专业教学之核心。作为衔接普通中文教学和中医专业教学的中医中文教学,中医术语为其关键。中文是意合的语言,其一音一意的特性,使中医术语形成了以意象直接组合为主、由词芯到语块再到小句的言语组织策略——意合机制。从语义结构的传统描写,到动相语义结构的分析,凸显出中医术语在中医话语交际中的语义支点功能。依据中医中文教学的实际需求,通用的词汇教学方法对中医术语教学效果的提升作用较为有限。本研究基于这一实践难题,通过中医术语意合机制的探讨,提出以词芯为基础、构建语义网络、加强整体感知等针对性建议,以期对教学活动有所助益。
Vocabulary has always been the focus of international Chinese language teaching, and terminology is the core of the specialty of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). As a link between general Chinese teaching and TCM professional teaching, TCM terminology is the key. Chinese is a language of parataxis. Its characteristics of one sound and one meaning make TCM terms form parataxis mechanism, a speech organization strategy based on direct combination of images, from the core to the chunk to the clause. From the traditional description of semantic structure to the analysis of dynamic semantic structure, the semantic fulcrum function of TCM terms in TCM discourse communication is highlighted. According to the actual needs of Chinese teaching of TCM, the general vocabulary teaching method has a limited effect on the improvement of the teaching effect of TCM terminology. Based on this practical problem, through the discussion of the parataxis mechanism of TCM terminology, this paper puts forward some targeted suggestions, such as constructing semantic network and strengthening overall perception based on the core of words, in order to be helpful to teaching activities.
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