新医科视域下医学本科生人工智能素养能力现状及提升策略研究
Research on the Current Status and Enhancement Strategies of Artificial Intelligence Literacy among Medical Undergraduates from the Perspective of New Medicine
目的 了解医学本科生人工智能(Artificial Intelligence,AI)素养现状,分析影响因素,提出培养策略。 方法 采用问卷调查法,对医学本科生开展调查,并通过SPSS 26.0对数据进行分析统计。 结果 收回有效问卷263份。学生整体人工智能素养水平处于中等偏上(均值3.916),但个体差异大(标准差0.564),各维度发展不均衡。学生对使用AI风险的认知(均值3.728)弱于对AI的积极态度(均值4.033)。影响因素中,性别、年级、专业并无显著差异,关键促进因素为主动学习AI知识(P=0.008)以及对AI技术了解程度高(P=0.001);负相关因素,频繁使用AI工具的学生素养反而较低(Spearman=-0.352,P<0.001),或因工具依赖抑制深度学习。需求调研分析中,74%学生支持开设AI课程,83.65%需求基础与高阶课程,低年级学生对AI课程需求更高,65%学生因数学基础薄弱畏难;最期待学习AI协作医疗(43.73%)及医学AI案例分析(28.9%)。 结论 医学生AI素养基础良好,使用AI意愿较强,但风险意识不足,需通过分层课程、校企协同、师资优化及伦理教育,系统提升其“技术应用-风险认知-创新实践”的综合素养。
Objective To investigate the current status of artificial intelligence (AI) literacy among medical undergraduates, analyze the influencing factors, and propose cultivation strategies. Methods A questionnaire survey was administered to medical undergraduates, with collected data analyzed statistically using SPSS 26.0. Results 263 valid questionnaires were returned. Students’overall AI literacy was at a moderate to high level (mean=3.916), but with significant variation (SD=0.564) and imbalanced development across dimensions. Awareness of AI-related risks (mean=3.728) was weaker than positive attitudes toward AI (mean=4.033). In terms of the influencing factors, no significant differences was detected in gender, grade, or major. The key enhancers were proactive learning of AI knowledge (P=0.008) and higher familiarity with AI technology (P=0.001). As for negative correlation, frequent AI tool users exhibited lower literacy (Spearman ρ=-0.352, P<0.001), potentially due to tool dependency inhibiting deep learning. In terms of demand analysis, 74% of students supported establishing AI courses, and 83.65% requested foundational and advanced courses. Lower-grade students showed higher demand, while 65% reported anxiety due to poor mathematical foundation. Students’ top learning interests lay in AI-medicine collaboration (43.73%) and medical AI case studies (28.9%). Conclusion Medical undergraduates demonstrate solid AI literacy foundations and strong willingness to adopt AI, yet lack risk awareness. A systematic approach is essential to enhance comprehensive literacy in “technology application-risk cognition-innovative practice” through tiered curriculum design, university-industry collaboration,faculty development, and AI ethics education.
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2025年度广西高等教育本科教学改革工程项目(2025JGA304)
2025年中国高等教育学会重点课题项目(25YX0201)
2023年中国高等教育学会重点课题项目(23LH201)
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