三段反馈法提升实习生临床思维能力效果评价
韩锦 , 田李芳 , 马芳霞 , 赵鹏 , 陈钊 , 付荣国 , 王莉
医学教育研究与实践 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1) : 172 -178.
三段反馈法提升实习生临床思维能力效果评价
Evaluation of Three-Stage Feedback Method for Enhancing Interns’ Clinical Thinking Ability
目的 探讨基于病历书写的三段反馈法对实习医学生临床思维能力的培养效果。 方法 采用前瞻性随机对照设计,纳入2023年1月— 2024年12月在西安交通大学第二附属医院肾病内科轮转的五年制临床医学专业实习医学生99名,随机分为三段反馈组(n=50)与传统模式组(n=49)。其中,三段反馈组采用“即时纠错-逻辑追问-示范重构”模式开展病历书写教学,传统模式组则采用病历集中批改模式实施教学。评估阶段分别于入科时、出科时,依据《内科住院病历书写质量评分标准》对两组实习医学生的病历书写质量进行盲法评估。 结果 出科评估结果在病历书写质量总分方面,三段反馈组(90.02±2.15)显著高于传统模式组(86.22±2.24),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。在临床思维相关要素评分方面,三段反馈组在主诉(P<0.001)、体格检查(P=0.001)、病历摘要(P<0.001)、诊断(P<0.001)等关键项目得分亦显著高于传统模式组。 结论 三段反馈法通过构建“即时纠错-逻辑追问-示范重构”闭环训练体系,能显著提升实习医学生的病历书写质量及临床思维能力。
Objective To evaluate the training effect of the three-stage feedback method based on medical record writing on the clinical thinking ability of clinical medicine interns. Methods This study adopted a prospective randomized controlled design, enrolling 99 interns majoring in Clinical Medicine in the five-year program who rotated in the Department of Nephrology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from January 2023 to December 2024. The interns were randomly divided into the three-stage feedback group (n=50) and the traditional mode group (n=49). The three-stage feedback group received medical record writing teaching using the “immediate error correction, logical questioning, and demonstration and reconstruction” mode, while the traditional mode group received teaching through the centralized medical record correction mode. Blinded assessors evaluated the quality of the interns’ medical record writing at the beginning and end of the rotation, in accordance with the Standards for Evaluating the Quality of Inpatient Medical Records in Internal Medicine. Results In terms of the total score of medical record quality in the completion of the training, the score of the three-stage feedback group was significantly higher than that of the traditional mode group (90.02±2.15 vs. 86.22±2.24, P<0.001), and the difference was statistically significant. In terms of the related elements of clinical thinking, the three-stage feedback group obtained significantly higher scores than the traditional mode group in chief complaints (P<0.001), physical examination (P=0.001), summary of medical record (P<0.001), and diagnosis (P<0.001). Conclusion Through establishing a closed-loop training system of “immediate error correction, logical questioning, and demonstration and reconstruction”, the three-stage feedback method can effectively enhance medical record writing level and clinical thinking ability of medical interns.
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国家自然科学基金项目(82400865)
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