认知整合下西医学生中医教育共鸣与迁移机制探析
Exploration of Resonance and Transfer Mechanisms in TCM Education for Western Medical Students Based on Cognitive Integration
该文旨在系统探讨如何通过构建认知整合的教育路径,有效激发西医临床医学学生在“中医学”学习过程中的学术共鸣与迁移能力。当前,西医院校的“中医学”教育普遍面临学生因思维范式冲突而产生的认知壁垒、学习动机不足及知识应用困难等严峻挑战。传统的填鸭式对比教学难以实现知识的内化与转化,亟须教学理念与模式的革新。基于认知心理学中的建构主义理论、概念隐喻理论和迁移理论,提出了以“认知冲突识别-范式桥梁搭建-知识结构整合-临床情境迁移”为核心的四阶递进整合性教学框架。该路径强调通过体验式学习、案例交叉诊断、结构化类比及模拟中西医协同诊疗等策略,主动引导学生在两种医学体系间建立有意义的连接,促进其形成整合性的医学图式,最终培养能够融会贯通、在西医临床实践中合理运用中医思维的复合型医学人才。不仅对教学路径进行理论构建,还对其具体实施策略、面临的挑战及未来发展方向进行了深入讨论,以期为西医院校“中医学”教学改革提供系统性的理论参考与实践指南。
This paper aims to explore how to effectively stimulate academic resonance and transfer capacity among Western clinical medical students during the learning process of “Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)” by constructing an educational pathway of cognitive integration. Currently, “TCM” education in western medical institutions faces significant challenges such as profound cognitive barriers due to paradigm conflicts, insufficient learning motivation, and difficulties in knowledge application. Traditional spoon-feeding comparative teaching methods are inadequate for achieving the internalization and transformation of knowledge. Based on constructivist theory, conceptual metaphor theory, and transfer theory from cognitive psychology, this paper proposes an integrated teaching framework centered on “cognitive conflict identification-paradigm bridge building-knowledge structure integration-clinical scenario transfer”. This pathway emphasizes the use of experiential learning, cross-diagnostic case studies, structured analogies, and simulated collaborative diagnosis and treatment to actively guide students in establishing meaningful connections between the two medical systems. It promotes the formation of an integrated medical schema, ultimately cultivating versatile talents capable of integrating knowledge and applying TCM thinking rationally in western clinical practice. This research not only constructs the theoretical framework for the teaching approach, but also conducts in-depth discussions on its specific implementation strategies, the challenges it faces, and its future development directions, with the aim of providing systematic theoretical references and practical guidelines for the “TCM” teaching reform in Western medical colleges and universities.
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