华东地区三级医院科研人员伦理培训意愿影响因素分析
刘敏 , 张妞 , 王静 , 袁玮 , 李丹丹 , 叶榕
医学教育研究与实践 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2) : 243 -251.
华东地区三级医院科研人员伦理培训意愿影响因素分析
Analysis of Influencing Factors of Ethical Training Willingness among Researchers in Tertiary Hospitals in East China
目的 探讨华东地区三级医院科研人员伦理培训意愿的影响因素,为优化医学伦理培训体系提供依据。 方法 采用混合研究方法,于2025年1月— 3月对华东地区34所三级医院1 130名科研人员进行问卷调查,并对其伦理培训意愿影响因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析;同期,基于三元交互决定论,采用目的抽样法选取9名受访者进行半结构式访谈。 结果 量性研究结果:回收有效问卷1 086份,有效问卷回收率96.11%。研究对象的伦理培训需求主要体现在伦理相关政策法规(91.90%)、知情同意书撰写指导(82.97%)、常见伦理风险及预案(82.87%);回归分析结果显示,学历、科室、培训经历、相关培训开展不足、自身重视程度不够是科研人员伦理培训意愿的影响因素(P<0.05)。质性研究结果:基于三元交互决定论共提炼出环境层面、个体层面以及行为层面3个主题。 混合研究结果:伦理认知与培训意愿存在多层次交互作用;培训需求与资源配给存在失衡矛盾;培训制度缺位与自我效能感存在双向作用。 结论 揭示了影响科研人员伦理培训意愿的多因素机制及其背后环境、个体与行为的三元交互矛盾。基于社会认知理论,构建了“制度—心理—行为”链式反应模型,并提出从单向灌输向协同治理的培训新范式,为优化医学伦理培训体系提供了理论依据与实证支持。该范式的有效性有待通过多中心研究及“智能+仿真”等创新路径进一步验证。
Objective To explore the influencing factors of medical ethics training willingness among researchers in tertiary hospitals in East China and provide a basis for optimizing the medical ethics training system. Methods A mixed-method approach was adopted. From January to March 2025, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1,130 researchers from 34 tertiary hospitals in East China, and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing their willingness to participate in ethics training. Concurrently, based on the triadic reciprocal determinism theory, purposive sampling was used to select nine interviewees for semi-structured interviews. Results Quantitative findings: A total of 1,086 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective response rate of 96.11%. The primary training needs included ethics-related policies and regulations (91.90%), guidance on informed consent documentation (82.97%), and common ethical risks and contingency plans (82.87%). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that education level, department, recent ethics training experience, insufficient training opportunities, and lack of personal emphasis were significant influencing factors (P<0.05). Qualitative findings: Based on triadic reciprocal determinism, three themes were identified: environmental factors, individual factors, and behavioral factors. Mixed-methods integration: Findings indicated a multi-level interaction between ethical awareness and training willingness, an imbalance between training needs and resource allocation, and a bidirectional effect between the lack of training systems and self-efficacy. Conclusion This study reveals the multi-factorial mechanisms influencing researchers’ willingness to participate in ethics training and the underlying triadic interaction contradictions among environment, individual, and behavior. Based on social cognitive theory, a “system-psychology-behavior” chain-reaction model was constructed, and a shift from a unidirectional knowledge indoctrination paradigm towards a collaborative governance training paradigm was proposed, providing a theoretical basis and empirical support for optimizing the medical ethics training system. The effectiveness of this paradigm warrants further validation through multi-center studies and innovative approaches such as “intelligent-simulation” paths.
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2024年国家自然科学基金项目(82403658)
2022年度盐城市重点研发计划(社会发展)指导性项目(YCBE202218)
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