XR技术在肝脏战创伤救治与临床教学中的应用
吴菲菲 , 张帅 , 刘子冬 , 南博 , 刘楠楠 , 吴旭菲 , 季乐乐 , 黄云强 , 田菲 , 吴有盛 , 王亚云 , 杨雁灵
医学教育研究与实践 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2) : 339 -343.
XR技术在肝脏战创伤救治与临床教学中的应用
Application of XR-Based Technology in the Treatment and Clinical Teaching of Combat-Related Liver Trauma
战创伤是导致部队战斗减员的重要因素,其中腹部脏器损伤发生率约为15%~20%,而肝脏创伤在腹部脏器损伤中占比最高(35%~45%)。肝脏损伤引发的出血性休克是现场死亡的主要原因,约60%的肝损伤死亡与未能及时控制出血直接相关。因此,掌握纱布填塞止血等紧急救治技术对争取后续治疗时间具有决定性意义。然而,传统肝损伤教学面临资源匮乏、内容枯燥、情境缺失三大难题,严重制约学员综合救治能力的提升。该研究融合虚拟仿真(virtual reality,VR)、增强现实(Augmented Reality,AR)与三维重建技术,构建了“虚实结合-阶梯递进-身心入境”三位一体的沉浸式教学体系。通过搭建三维解剖认知平台和战创伤情景资源库,创建“五环节递进式”训练路径,并利用高保真战场环境模拟系统强化学员的应急决策与操作能力。实践表明,该体系显著提升了学员的解剖知识掌握度(平均分从67.5提升至92.3)、临床思维能力(决策时间缩短35%)和操作规范率(达95.8%),为培养高素质战创伤医学人才提供了有效途径。
Combat trauma represents a critical factor in combat attrition, with abdominal organ injuries accounting for 15% to 20%. Liver trauma is the most prevalent among these, comprising 35% to 45%. Hemorrhagic shock resulting from liver injuries is a leading cause of mortality on the battlefield, with approximately 60% of liver trauma deaths directly linked to failure to control bleeding in time. Therefore, mastering emergency treatment techniques such as gauze packing for hemostasis is crucial for gaining critical time for subsequent interventions. However, traditional liver injury training faces three major challenges including insufficient resources, monotonous content, and lack of realistic scenarios, which severely restrict the development of trainees’ comprehensive rescue capabilities. This study integrates virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and three-dimensional reconstruction technologies to establish a tripartite immersive teaching system characterized by “virtual-real integration, step-by-step progression, and full immersion”. By constructing a three-dimensional anatomical and a combat trauma scenario resource library, a “five-phase progressive” training pathway was established. Additionally, a high-fidelity battlefield environment simulation system was utilized to enhance trainees’ emergency decision-making and operational skills. Practical results demonstrate that this system significantly improved trainees’ mastery of anatomical knowledge (average scores increased from 67.5 to 92.3), clinical thinking ability (decision-making time reduced by 35%), and operational standardization rate (reaching 95.8%). This approach provides an effective pathway for cultivating high-quality medical professionals specialized in combat trauma care.
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空军军医大学基础医学院教学研究重点课题(2025-JCJXKT-ZD-02)
空军军医大学教学研究课题(2024ZX02)
中国病理生理学会医学教育研究重点课题(BSKEJ24001)
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