西藏阿里地区主要造林树种扦插育苗及营造林技术研究
Study on Cutting Seedling and Afforestation Technology of Main Afforestation Tree Species in Ngari Prefecture of Tibet
西藏阿里地区植被稀少、自然环境极其恶劣,为加速乡土树种育苗扩繁,提高造林成活率和保存率,采用不同年份班公柳和秀丽水柏枝插条设置无地膜、有地膜、ABT1号生根粉5个浓度梯度(CK、50、100、150、200 mg/L)处理进行扦插试验,选取沙柳、班公柳、秀丽水柏枝设置插杆长度30、40、50 cm+露出地面长度0、5、10 cm插杆造林试验,选取蒙古柳、沙柳设置平茬(1/2)、平茬(1/3)、未打头(CK)平茬复壮营造林试验。结果表明:(1)覆膜较无地膜能提高30%扦插成活率,二年生班公柳和秀丽水柏枝插条生长指标最好,ABT1号生根粉浓度为100 mg/L时,班公柳(84.6%)和秀丽水柏枝(100%)成活率最高。(2)沙柳(96%)和班公柳(80%)的插杆造林成活率较高,秀丽水柏枝成活率最低,3种柳树在高度、地径、丛生数上体现出不同优势。(3)不同程度的柳树平茬营造林成活率可达62.5%以上,平茬(1/2)成活率最高,在平茬复壮后分枝数翻倍增长。在阿里地区扦插育苗扩繁是可行的,不同插杆方式、平茬复壮均可提高营造林成效。
In the remote Ngari area of Tibet, where vegetation is scarce and the natural environment is extremely harsh, there is a need to accelerate the propagation of native tree species and enhance afforestation success rates and preservation efforts. To address these challenges, the cutting experiments were carried out with the cuttings of Salix bangongensis and Myricaria elegans Royle, harvested from different years, and subjected to five concentration gradients (CK, 50, 100, 150, 200 mg/L) with and without plastic film covering, along with the application of ABT1 root powder. Additionally, Salix cheilophila, Salix bangongensis, and Myricaria elegans Royle were selected for afforestation trials, with varying rod insertion lengths (30, 40, 50 cm) and exposed above-ground lengths (0, 5, 10 cm). Furthermore, Salix linearistipularis and Salix cheilophila were utilized in afforestation experiments employing different levels of flat stubble (1/2), flat stubble (1/3), and unheaded flat stubble (CK). The findings of the study revealed that film mulching significantly improved cutting survival rates, with a marked increase of approximately 30% compared to non-mulched conditions. Notably, two-year-old Salix bangongensis and Myricaria elegans Royle cuttings exhibited the most favorable growth indicators. Moreover, the highest survival rates for Salix bangongensis (84.6%) and Myricaria elegans Royle (100%) were observed at an ABT1 root powder concentration of 100 mg/L. Furthermore, among the willow species utilized in the afforestation trials, Salix cheilophila demonstrated a survival rate of 96%, while Salix bangongensis showed a rate of 80%. In contrast, Myricaria elegans Royle exhibited the lowest survival rate. Each of the three willow species showcased distinct advantages concerning height, ground diameter, and cluster numbers. The survival rate of different degrees of willow flat stubble was more than 62.5%. Flat stubble (1/2) had the highest survival rate. The number of branches doubled in stubble after rejuvenation. In conclusion, it is feasible to expand and propagate the cuttings in Ngari area, and the afforestation effect can be improved by different methods of rod insertion and stubbly rejuvenation.
Salix bangongensis / Myricaria elegans Royle / cutting seedling / afforestation
| [1] |
牛站林.阿里—世界屋脊的屋脊[J].中国民族,1987(1)26-27. |
| [2] |
邓坤枚.西藏阿里地区的林业资源及其发展方向探讨[J].自然资源学报,2002,17(2):240-245. |
| [3] |
辛福梅,柳文杰,王玉婷 |
| [4] |
王君正.坚定坚决贯彻落实习近平生态文明思想开展国土绿化行动努力推进美丽西藏建设[J].新西藏(汉文版),2022(5): 10-13. |
| [5] |
辛福梅,王玉婷,宁梦阳 |
| [6] |
崔皓钧,何青,刘琳 |
| [7] |
冯凯.干旱地区适栽树种沙柳的特性及育苗造林技术简介[J].南方农业,2022,16(9):172-175. |
| [8] |
刘毅.浅谈西藏阿里地区林业发展现状与对策[J].陕西林业,2008(1):29-30. |
| [9] |
柳文杰,李紫帅,索朗 |
| [10] |
陈金龙.干旱区碧玉杨地膜覆盖扦插育苗生长观测及苗期管理研究[J].林业科技,2018,43(4):9-11+29. |
| [11] |
王成.青海高寒沙区杨柳插杆深栽固沙造林技术[J].陕西林业科技,2017(6):100-101. |
| [12] |
常斌,周国荣,刘亨革.高寒山区青杨插杆造林技术[J].中国林业,2010(23):53. |
| [13] |
张辉,汪峰,侯丽英.引种造林工作的研究[J].林业勘查设计,2002(3):38-39. |
| [14] |
韩易良,任余艳,何金军 |
| [15] |
王亮,李青丰,樊如月 |
西藏自治区重点区域造林项目(2016009)
国家林业和草原局种质资源库(2005DKA21003)
重点实验室西藏高原生物多样性保育与植被恢复实验室建设(XZ202001YD0012C)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |