拉萨市牦牛数量调查分析与马镇朗巴村牦牛错峰出栏的初步研究
Investigation and Analysis of Yak Population in Lasa City A Preliminary Study on Yak Crossing the Peak in Langba Village of Yak Town
为进一步优化拉萨市各县区牦牛畜群结构,推广牦牛错峰出栏。因此调查分析了拉萨牦牛数量并在马镇朗巴村进行为期90 d的牦牛育肥试验。试验选用体重相近、体况良好的24头成年健康牦牛,随机选取牦牛分为以下3组;对照组饲喂(精料+青稞草)、试验1组饲喂(青贮燕麦草+精料+青稞草)和试验2组饲喂(干燕麦草+精料+青稞草)。调查结果表明:拉萨牦牛主要分布在拉萨市当雄县和林周县及墨竹工卡县,新生犊牛数量最多的县区是当雄县。育肥试验结果表明,对照组牦牛平均每头牛增重3.83 kg,试验组1牦牛平均每头牛增重19.47 kg,试验1组效果明显好于对照组(P<0.05),添加青贮燕麦草的试验组1相比添加干燕麦草的试验组2增重效果更明显(P<0.05)试验结果表明,错峰出栏模式提高反季节出栏牦牛重量和优化了不同饲料对牦牛在短期育肥下的增重效果,也是增加农牧民收入的有效措施。
In order to further optimize the structure of yak herds in various counties and districts of Lasa city, the yaks were promoted to cross peaks. Therefore, the number of yaks in Lasa was investigated and analyzed, and a 90-day yak fattening experiment was carried out in Langba village of Ma Zhen. Twenty-four healthy adult yaks with similar weight and weight, medium age and body condition were randomly selected and divided into the following three groups. The control group feeding (concentrate + highland barley grass), the feeding in test group 1 (silage oat grass + concentrate + highland barley grass) and feeding in test group 2 (dried oat grass + concentrate + highland barley grass). The results showed thatLasa yaks were mainly distributed in Dangxiong County, Linzhou County and Mozhu Gongka County of Lasa city, and the largest number of newborn calves was in Dangxiong County. The results of fattening test showed that the average weight gain per cow of yak in control group was 3.83 kg and that of yak in experimental group 1 was 19.47 kg. The effect of experiment group 1 was significantly better than that of control group (P < 0.05), the weight gain effect of group 1 supplemented with silage oat grass was more significant than that of group 2 supplemented with dry oat grass (P < 0.05) The experimental results showed that the off-peak threshing mode improved the weight of off-season yaks and optimized the weight gain effect of different feeds on yaks under short-term fattening, which was also an effective measure to increase the income of farmers and herdsmen.
yak / Yak population / Yak breedingWrong / peak out column
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