西藏岗巴青稞叶际拮抗微生物的分离、筛选及其对青稞幼苗生长的影响
闫春阳 , 金怀 , 夏洪艳 , 魏丽萍 , 杨霄 , 巩文峰
高原农业 ›› 2025, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (1) : 47 -56.
西藏岗巴青稞叶际拮抗微生物的分离、筛选及其对青稞幼苗生长的影响
Isolation and Screening of Antagonism Microbial in the Phyllospheric of Highland Barley from Gangba, Xizang and Their Effects on the Growth of Highland Barley Seeding
为了获得具有生防潜力的菌株,减少化学农药的使用,从西藏自治区日喀则市岗巴县采集健康的青稞叶片,分离纯化得到叶际可培养附生菌和内生菌,对获得的菌株采用平板对峙法进行对小麦赤霉病(Fusarium graminearum)、青稞穗腐病(Fusarium avenaceum)、小麦立枯病(Gaeumannomyces graminis)3种病原菌的拮抗活性测定,同时筛选具有固氮、溶无机磷、溶钾特性的促生菌,构建复合菌群,验证复合菌群对青稞幼苗生长的影响。结果显示,岗巴县青稞叶际可培养附生菌和内生菌丰富,共分离得到158株附生菌,42株内生菌,优势菌群为厚壁菌门的芽孢杆菌属,对3种病原菌抑菌率均在40%以上的附生细菌10株,内生细菌6株,促生特性试验结果显示得到,附生菌中的固氮菌、溶磷菌、溶钾菌分别为3株、3株、4株,内生菌中的固氮菌、溶磷菌、溶钾菌分别为6株、4株、2株,由菌株GN-C-7、GF-T-8 、GN-T-7 3株拮抗促生菌构建的复合菌群对青稞幼苗有显著的促生作用,经16S rRNA基因序列鉴定:GN-T-7为Agrobacterium rhizogenes,GN-C-7、GF-T-8均为Bacillus altitudinis。
In order to obtain strains with biocontrol potential and reduce the use of chemical pesticides, healthy highland barley leaves were collected from Gangba County, Rikaze City, Xizang Autonomous Region, and the phyllosphere could be cultured epiphytic bacteria and endophytes were isolated and purified. The antagonistic activity of the obtained strains against wheat scab (G. zeae), wheat blight (F. aven) and barley ear rot (F. aven) was determined by the plate confrontation method. At the same time, the growth promoting bacteria with the characteristics of nitrogen fixed, inorganic phosphorus soluble and potassium soluble were screened, and the composite flora was constructed to verify the effects of the composite flora on the growth of highland barley seedlings. The results showed that there were plenty of epiphytes and endophytes cultured in the highland barley of Gangba County. A total of 158 epiphytes and 42 endophytes were isolated, and the dominant bacteria group was Bacillus firmicutes. 10 epiphytes and 6 endophytes had inhibition rates of more than 40% against the three pathogens. Among the epiphytes, there were 3 strains of nitrogen fixation bacteria, 3 strains of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria and 4 strains of potassium solubilizing bacteria; among the endophytes, there were 6 strains of nitrogen fixation bacteria, 4 strains of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria and 2 strains of potassium solubilizing bacteria, respectively. The compound bacteria group constructed by the strains GN-C-7, GF-T-8 and GN-T-7 had significant growth promotion effect on the barley seedlings. GN-T-7 was identified as Agrobacteriumrhizogenes and GN-C-7 and GF-T-8 were identified as Bacillus altitudinis by 16S rRNA sequence.
青稞 / 叶际微生物 / 拮抗菌 / 促生特性 / 复合菌群
Highland barley / Phyllosphere / Antagonistic Bacteria / Growth-promoting properties / Complex flora
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西藏农牧学院研究生创新项目(YJS2023-43)
国家自然科学基金(31960002)
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