雅江中游河谷地带灌草多样性与气候、地形因子的相关性分析
Correlation Analysis of Shrub and Grass Diversity with Climate and Topographic Factors in the Middle Reaches of the Yajiang River Valley
以雅鲁藏布江中游河谷地带灌木与草本植物为研究对象,分析研究该区植物群落特征及数量关系,从而揭示雅鲁藏布江中游地区植物群落类型及与环境的关系。采用典型取样法,在沿河谷地带进行实地勘测后取样方,分析灌草多样性与气候、地形因子的相关性。结果表明:(1)在灌木层中,最高月均气温(ATmax)对Simpson、Shannon-wiener和Pielou均匀度3项指数的影响均不显著。随着海拔(ASL)和太阳辐射(TSL)的上升,均呈负相关;而随着年平均降水量(MAP)的上升,呈现正相关。在全年0 ℃以上积温(EAT)的影响下,呈现出随着积温降低,先升高后降低的趋势。(2)在草本层中最高月均气温(ATmax)、年温差(AAT)、坡度(SLP)对Simpson多样性指数、Shannon-wiener指数和Pielou均匀度指数影响均不显著。随着全年0 ℃以上积温(EAT)、海拔(ASL)和太阳辐射(TSL)的上升,多样性指数均有下降的趋势,物种多样性降低,呈显著的负相关关系。在年平均降水量(MAP)的影响下,Simpson多样性指数与Shannon-wiener指数呈现出显著正相关,Pielou均匀度指数相关性不显著。最低月均温(ATmin)对Pielou指数呈显著负相关,与其他指数相关性不显著;(3)灌草层中,降水、温度都尤为重要,物种多样性在降水400 ~ 1 000 mm区间种数较多,分布均匀,完整性好;而随着温度的影响多样性先上升后下降,达到一定界定后种群数量变少,多样性下降。因此,雅江中游河谷地带物种对水分的需求程度与温度条件的适配性依然是在因地制宜选择物种时需要首先考虑的问题。
This paper took shrub and herb in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Tsangpo River valley as the research object, analyzed the characteristics and quantitative relationship of plant communities in this area, and revealed the relationship between plant community types and environment. Typical sampling method was used to analyze the correlation between shrub diversity and climate and topographic factors after the field survey along the valley. The results showed that: (1) In the shrub layer, none of the three indices of Simpson, Shannon-wiener, and Pielou evenness were significantly affected by ATmax. All of them were negatively correlated with increasing ASL and TSL, and positively correlated with increasing MAP. Under the influence of EAT, it first showed an increasing trend and then a decreasing trend. (2) In the herbaceous layer, the effects of ATmax, AAT and SLP on Simpson, Shannon-wienerx, and Pielou were not significant. With the increase of EAT, ASL and TSL, all of them tended to decrease, and species diversity decreased with a significant negative correlation. The Simpson showed a significant positive correlation with the Shannon-wiener under the influence of MAP, and the correlation of the Pielou was not significant. The ATmin was significantly negatively correlated with the Pielou, and the correlation with other indices was not significant. (3) In the shrub and herb layer, precipitation and temperature played an important role, and the species diversity in the precipitation interval of 400 ~ 1000 mm was more species, evenly and perfectly distributed, while the diversity first increased and then declined with the influence of temperature, and the diversity decreased after reaching a certain definition, and the diversity less. Diversity declined after reaching a certain definition. Therefore, the degree of water demand and the suitability of temperature conditions for species in the middle reaches of the Yajiang River were still the first considerations in selecting species according to local conditions.
雅鲁藏布江中游河谷 / 灌草多样性 / 气候因子 / 地形因子
The Middle Reaches of the Yarlung Tsangpo River Valley / Shrub and grass diversity / Climatic factor / Terrain factor
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