西藏雅尼国家湿地公园水质特征及影响因素
Characterization of Water Quality and Influencing Factors in Yani National Wetland Park in Xizang
西藏雅尼国家湿地公园属于典型高原河流湿地类型,为探究西藏雅尼国家湿地公园水质特征及影响因素,运用主成分分析法对2021 - 2023年雅尼国家湿地公园水体的WTs、EC、TDS、pH、DO、OS、Cl-、K+、NH3、Ca2+、Na+、Tur、TSS、Chla等指标进行研究。结果表明:(1)雅尼国家湿地公园水质时空分布具有明显差异性,水质总体较好,监测点水质符合Ⅰ ~ Ⅳ类水标准,2021年的DO浓度超出Ⅴ类水标准;S11监测点的pH值在2022、2023年枯水期超出Ⅴ类水标准。研究区域水体pH值平均值为8.3,整体呈弱碱性;TDS平均值为105 mg·L-1,水体矿化程度较低;水体的阳离子浓度依次为Ca2+ > Na+ > K+,Ca2+为优势阳离子,占阳离子总量的69%;阴离子主要为Cl-,平均值为6.81 mg·L-1;(2)EC、TDS、pH、Cl-是雅尼湿地的水质及时空变化的主导因素,且4个水质因子之间呈显著正相关;(3)空间上,雅尼湿地区域尼洋河段水质优于雅江河段,水质污染程度为尼洋河段东岸 < 尼洋河段西岸 < 雅江段北岸 < 雅江段南岸;(4)时间上,水质污染程度为枯水期 < 平水期 < 丰水期;雅尼国家湿地公园水质特征受点源污染与面源污染共同影响。研究结果以期为西藏雅尼国家湿地公园水资源的综合评价和保护管理提供科学参考。
The Yani National Wetland Park in Xizang belongs to the typical plateau riverine wetland type. In order to investigate the water quality characteristics and influencing factors of the Yani National Wetland Park in Xizang, principal component analysis was applied to study the water bodies of the Yani National Wetland Park in the years from 2021 to 2023, including the WTs, EC, TDS, pH, DO, OS, Cl-, K+, NH3, Ca2+, Na+, Tur, TSS, Chla, and other indicators were studied. The results showed that: (1) The spatial and temporal distribution of water quality in Yani National Wetland Park had obvious variability, the overall water quality was good, the water quality of most monitoring points met the standard of Class I-IV water, and the DO concentration in 2021 exceeded the standard of Class V water; the pH value of the monitoring point S11 exceeded the standard of Class V water during the dry period in 2022 and 2023. The average value of pH of the water body in the study area was 8.3, and the overall value was weakly alkaline; the average value of TDS was 105 mg·L-1, and the degree of mineralization of the water body was low; the cation concentration of the water body was in the order of Ca2+ > Na+ > K+, and Ca2+ was the dominant cation, accounting for 69% of the total number of cations; anions were mainly Cl-, with an average value of 6.81 mg·L-1; (2) EC, TDS, pH, Cl- were the dominant factors of water quality and spatial and temporal changes in the Yani Wetland, and there was a significant positive correlation between the four water quality factors; (3) Spatially, the water quality of the Niyang River section in the Yani Wetland area was better than that of the Yajiang River section, and the degree of water quality contamination was the east bank of the Niyang River section < the west bank of the Niyang River section < the north bank of the Yajiang River section < the south bank of the Yajiang River section; (4) Temporally, the degree of water quality contamination was the dry period < the flat period < the abundant period; the water quality characteristics of Yani National Wetland Park were influenced by point source water sources. Wetland Park water quality characteristics were jointly influenced by point source pollution and surface source pollution. The results of this study are expected to provide scientific reference for the comprehensive evaluation and protection management of water resources in the Yani National Wetland Park in Xizang.
水质评价 / Pearson相关性分析 / 主成分分析 / 时空特征 / 影响因素
Water quality assessment / Pearson correlation analysis / Principal component analysis / Spatial and temporal characteristics / Influencing factors
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西藏雅尼国家湿地公园湿地监测(603321012)
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