色季拉山不同坡向急尖长苞冷杉生长特性研究
Growth Characteristics of Abies georgei var. smithii on Different Slope Aspects in Sejila Mountain
为探究坡向与海拔对藏东南色季拉山急尖长苞冷杉(Abies georgei var. smithii)生长的影响,本研究于色季拉山阴坡与阳坡海拔3 700 ~ 4 300 m范围内,按每间隔100 m设置固定样地,开展种群结构调查。结果显示:在种群密度方面,阴坡显著高于阳坡,且随海拔升高,种群密度在阴坡与阳坡均呈现先减小、后增大、再减小的单峰变化模式;急尖长苞冷杉种群年龄结构属于稳定型。树高与冠幅均随海拔升高而逐渐减小;平均胸径在阳坡表现为先增大后减小的单峰趋势,而在阴坡则随海拔升高持续减小。阳坡个体径向生长速率显著高于阴坡,为阴坡的2.71倍。综上,在色季拉山区域,阳坡的急尖长苞冷杉具有更快的生长速率、更高比例的幼树个体,以及更为明显的种群密度增长潜力,反映出坡向是影响该物种生长与种群动态的关键环境因子。
To investigate the effects of slope orientation and altitude on the growth of Abies georgei var. smithii in the southeast of Xizang, fixed monitoring sites were set up at intervals of 100 meters above sea level on the shady and sunny slopes of Sejila Mount, ranging from 3700 to 4300 meters above sea level. The research results indicate that in the population density of Abies georgei var. smithii, the density on shaded slopes is higher than that on sunny slopes, and it shows a trend of first decreasing, then increasing, and then decreasing with increasing altitude; The age structure of the Abies georgei var. smithii population in Sejila Mount is a stable population; The height and crown width of Abies georgei var. smithii in different slope directions show a decreasing trend with increasing altitude, while the average breast height diameter shows an increasing and then decreasing trend on sunny slopes, and a continuous decreasing trend on shady slopes; The radial growth rate of Abies georgei var. smithii on sunny slopes is significantly higher than that on shady slopes, with the growth rate on sunny slopes being 2.71 times that on shady slopes; During the growth process of Abies georgei var. smithii in Sejila Mount, the population density on the sunny slope is higher than that on the shady slope. Compared with the shady slope, the growth rate of Abies georgei var. smithii on the sunny slope is faster, the proportion of small trees is higher, and the trend of increasing population density on the sunny slope is more obvious.
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