拉萨南山生态林害虫调查及主要害虫风险评估
Pest Investigation and Main Pest Risk Assessment of Ecological Forest in Nanshan of Lasa
本研究旨在明确拉萨南山生态林害虫发生与危害情况,并对危害严重的害虫进行风险评估,以为拉萨南山生态林害虫防治提供基础理论支撑。本研究通过踏查和标准地详查的调查方式,对拉萨南山生态林害虫进行系统性调查,根据有害生物风险分析评价指标体系对危害严重的害虫进行风险评估。结果表明,拉萨南山9种寄主植物上共查获害虫32种,其中秋四脉绵蚜(Tetraneura akinire)、河曲丝叶蜂(Nematus hequensis)、丽腹弓角鳃金龟(Toxospathius auriventris)、刺槐种子小蜂(Bruchophogus caragana)、大栗鳃金龟(Melolontha hippocastani)、杨柳小卷蛾(Gypsonoma minutana)、豆荚螟(Etiella zinckenella)、苦参野螟(Uresiphita prunipennis)、青杨楔天牛(Saperda populnea)、刺槐蚜(Aphis robiniae)严重发生与危害,对这10种害虫进行风险评估结果表明,刺槐种子小蜂的R值为1.64,在1.5 ~ 2.5之间,属中度危险有害生物;河曲丝叶蜂、丽腹弓角鳃金龟、豆荚螟、刺槐蚜、苦参野螟、青杨楔天牛、大栗鳃金龟、秋四脉绵蚜、杨柳小卷蛾属于轻度危险有害生物;根据系统性调查结果可知,拉萨南山主要受害树种为杨树和柳树,害虫种类以鳞翅目和鞘翅目最多。
The purpose of this paper was to clarify the occurrence and harm of pests in the ecological forest of Nanshan Mountain in Lasa, and to evaluate the risk of serious pests, in order to provide basic theoretical support for the prevention and control of pests in the ecological forest of Nanshan Mountain in Lasa. In this study, the methods of on-the-spot investigation and standard detailed investigation were used to systematically investigate the pests of ecological forest in Nanshan Mountain of Lasa, and the risk assessment of serious pests was carried out according to the pest risk analysis and evaluation index system. The results showed that 32 species of pests were found on 9 host plants in Nanshan Mountain of Lasa. Among them, Tetraneura akinire,Nematus hequensis, Toxospathius auriventris, Bruchophogus caragana, Melolontha hippocastani, Gypsonoma minutana, Etiella zinckenella, Uresiphita prunipennis, Saperda populnea and Aphis robiniae occurred and caused serious damage. The risk assessment results of these 10 pests showed that the R value of Bruchophogus caragana was 1.64, between 1.5 and 2.5, indicating it was a moderately dangerous pest, while Nematus hequensis, Toxospathius auriventris, Etiella zinckenella, Aphis robiniae, Uresiphita prunipennis, Saperda populnea, Melolontha hippocastani, Tetraneura akinire, Gypsonoma minutana were mildly dangerous pests. According to the results of systematic investigation, the main damaged tree species in Nanshan Mountain of Lasa were Populus sp. and Salix sp., and the most pests were Lepidoptera and Coleoptera.
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