西藏尼木玛曲流域浮游植物群落结构特征及水质评价
Phytoplankton Community Structure and Water Quality Assessment in the Nimumaqu River Basin, Xizang
作为水体初级生产力的主要贡献者,浮游植物对水质变化高度敏感,其群落结构可作为水环境健康状况的重要指示因子。为了解西藏尼木玛曲流域浮游植物群落结构及其水质状况,2023年8月对该流域不同海拔梯度(5 200 ~ 4 210 m和4 210 ~ 3 800 m)的浮游植物群落进行了调查。研究结果表明,尼木玛曲浮游植物共有3门20科28属,其中硅藻门(Bacillariophyta)为绝对优势类群(96.55%),其次为蓝藻门(Cyanophyta)(2.43%)和绿藻门(Chlorophyta)(1.02%),整体呈现“硅藻—蓝藻—绿藻型”的群落结构。高海拔区域(5 200 ~ 4 210 m)浮游植物细胞密度较高,物种丰富度较高,优势属主要为针杆藻(Synedra)等片藻(Diatoma)和桥弯藻(Cymbella);低海拔区域(4 210 ~ 3 800 m)细胞密度较低,蓝藻和绿藻比例升高,主要优势属为针杆藻、脆杆藻(Fragilaria)和舟形藻(Navicula)。水质评价结果显示,尼木玛曲流域下游水质状况相对较差,可能受农业、畜牧业导致的外源营养物质输入影响。本研究揭示了尼木玛曲流域浮游植物群落结构特征及其对水质的指示作用,为高寒地区溪流水生态保护提供了基础数据。
To understand the phytoplankton community structure and water quality in the Xizang Nimumaqu River Basin, we conducted a survey in August 2023. The results showed that the phytoplankton community comprised 28 genera from 20 families and three phyla. Bacillariophyta dominated the community (96.55%), followed by Cyanophyta (2.43%) and Chlorophyta (1.02%), forming a "Bacillariophyta—Cyanophyta— Chlorophyta" structure. In the high-altitude region (5 200 ~ 4 210 m), we observed higher phytoplankton cell density and species richness, with Synedra, Diatoma, and Cymbella as the dominant genera. In the low-altitude region (4 210 ~ 3 800 m), cell density decreased, while the proportions of cyanobacteria and green algae increased, with Synedra, Fragilaria, and Navicula as the dominant genera. The authors' water quality assessment indicates that the downstream region of the Nimumaqu River Basin exhibit relatively lower water quality, potentially influenced by external nutrient inputs from agricultural and livestock activities. This study highlights the altitudinal variations in the phytoplankton community and their implications for water quality, providing fundamental data for stream ecosystem conservation in alpine regions.
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西藏自治区自然科学基金项目(XZ202301ZR0014G)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(42371170)
西藏自治区科技计划基地与人才计划项目(XZ202501JD0019)
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