西藏青稞根部内生拮抗芽孢杆菌的筛选、鉴定及防病促生特性
巩文峰 , 张凤 , 兰徐颖 , 金怀 , 夏洪艳 , 马晓丹
高原农业 ›› 2026, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (3) : 277 -289.
西藏青稞根部内生拮抗芽孢杆菌的筛选、鉴定及防病促生特性
Screening and Identification of Root Endophytic Antagonistic Bacillus from Xizang Highland Barley and Their Biocontrol and Plant Growth-Promoting Traits
为获得生防菌资源,本研究采用稀释涂布平板法从青稞根部分离纯化内生细菌,通过平板对峙试验筛选获得2株高效内生拮抗菌,并通过无菌发酵滤液和挥发性物质抑菌试验分析其抑菌活性,结合菌落形态、生理生化特征及16S rDNA/gyrB序列分析进行菌种鉴定。研究结果显示,2株菌对3种病原菌的平板抑制率均超过75%;在无菌发酵滤液抑菌试验中,菌株ZDR20对3种病原菌的抑制率为79.45% ~ 84.69%,ZDT27对3种病原菌的抑制率范围为75.25% ~ 92.98%,2株菌均对青稞条纹病菌的抑制率最高;在挥发性物质抑菌试验中,菌株ZDR20与ZDT27对青稞条纹病菌、小麦根腐病菌的抑制率分别为60.04%与34.46%、60.04%与34.46%,但2株菌均对小麦赤霉病菌无抑制作用。胞外酶检测结果显示,2株菌均具有分泌葡聚糖酶、蛋白酶等5种胞外酶的能力。经鉴定菌株ZDR20与ZDT27均为Bacillus amyloliquefaciens。本研究成功筛选出2株高效内生拮抗细菌,可为作物病害生物防治与生防菌剂开发提供优良菌种资源与理论依据。
To obtain biocontrol microbial resources, endophytic bacteria were isolated and purified from highland barley roots by the dilution plate method in this study. 2 highly efficient antagonistic endophytic strains were screened via the plate confrontation assay. Their antifungal activities were further evaluated using cell-free fermentation filtrates and volatile compounds. Strain identification was performed based on colony morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics, as well as sequence analysis of the 16S rDNA and gyrB genes. The results showed that the 2 strains exhibited plate inhibition rates of more than 75% against the three pathogenic fungi. In the test of cell-free fermentation filtrates, the inhibition rates of strain ZDR20 against the three pathogens ranged from 79.45% to 84.69%, and those of strain ZDT27 ranged from 75.25% to 92.98%. Both strains had the strongest inhibitory effect on Pyrenophora graminea. In the volatile antifungal test, the inhibition rates of ZDR20 and ZDT27 against Pyrenophora graminea and Bipolaris sorokiniana were 60.04% and 34.46%, respectively. Neither strain showed inhibitory activity against Fusarium graminearum. Extracellular enzyme assays indicated that both strains could produce 5 kinds of extracellular enzymes including glucanase and protease. Strains ZDR20 and ZDT27 were finally identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. In summary, 2 excellent antagonistic endophytic bacteria were successfully obtained in this study, which can provide valuable strain resources and a theoretical basis for biological control of crop diseases and the development of biocontrol agents.
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国家自然科学基金(31960002)
高校发展改革专项资金植物保护学科建设(YJSXK202605)
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