核桃黑斑病拮抗菌P8-2的鉴定及发酵条件优化
聂子芳 , 黄秋月 , 余长洪 , 德吉 , 张格杰 , 何建清
高原农业 ›› 2026, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (3) : 352 -365.
核桃黑斑病拮抗菌P8-2的鉴定及发酵条件优化
Identification and Optimisation of Fermentation Conditions of the Walnut Black Spot Antagonist P8-2
核桃黑斑病是制约西藏地区核桃产业发展的重要病害之一,其病果率在10% ~ 40%,导致农牧民收益大大降低。本研究针对病原菌成团泛菌(Pantoea agglomerans),开展生物防治菌株的筛选鉴定及工艺优化研究。通过牛津杯法从林芝市西藏农牧大学农场土壤中筛选具有抑菌活性的拮抗菌,结合形态学、生理生化特征以及分子生物学鉴定明确拮抗菌分类地位;采用单因素试验和正交试验对拮抗细菌发酵培养基和发酵条件进行优化。筛选一株具有拮抗作用的菌株P8-2,经鉴定菌株 P8-2 为高地芽孢杆菌(Bacillus altitudinis),在NCBI GenBank中获得登录号SRR30781987,其优化培养基配方为:葡萄糖30 g/L,酵母粉15 g/L,硫酸镁15 g/L;最佳发酵条件:温度28 ℃、 pH为7.0、发酵时间为60 h、接种量为4.0%、装液量为60 mL/150 mL、转速为180 r/min;优化后抑制率可达80.99%(P < 0.05),抑菌率较优化前提高了32.79%。菌株P8-2可用来防治核桃黑斑病,具有良好的生物防治应用效果。
Walnut black spot severely affects walnut production in Xizang, with disease incidence rates ranging from 10% to 40%, significantly reducing the economic income of local farmers and herders. This study focuses on the pathogen Pantoea agglomerans and conducts screening, identification, and process optimization of biocontrol strains. With the Oxford cup method, antagonistic bacteria with inhibitory activity were screened from soil collected from the farm of Xizang Agricultural University in Linzhi City. The taxonomic status of the antagonistic strain was determined through morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular biological identification. Single-factor and orthogonal experiments were employed to optimize the fermentation medium and conditions for the antagonistic bacterium. A strain with antagonistic activity, designated P8-2, was screened and identified as Bacillus altitudinis, with the accession number SRR30781987 in the NCBI GenBank database. The optimized culture medium formula consisted of glucose 30 g/L, yeast extract 15 g/L, and magnesium sulfate 15 g/L. The optimal fermentation conditions were temperature 28 °C, pH 7.0, fermentation time 60 h, inoculum size 4.0%, liquid volume 60 mL/150 mL, and rotational speed 180 r/min. After optimization, the inhibition rate reached 80.99% (P < 0.05), representing a 32.79% increase compared to that before optimization. Strain P8-2 showed potential for controlling walnut bacterial blight and exhibited promising biocontrol application effects.
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国家自然科学基金(31560001)
2025年中央财政支持地方高校发展改革专项资金:高原特色农牧小院建设及综合服务能力提升(YJSXK2025-05)
2025年中央财政支持地方高校发展改革专项资金:高原特色农牧小院建设及综合服务能力提升(YJSXK2025-15)
西藏自治区重点科技项目(XZ202001ZY0019N)
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