拉萨河流域湿地种子植物资源特征
Characteristics of Wild Vascular Plant Resources in Wetlands of the Lasa River Basin
为明确拉萨河流域湿地植物资源状况,于2022 - 2023年开展了为期2年的野外调查,并通过查阅文献等方法对萨河流域湿地植物进行归类。结果表明:研究区资源植物共有32科74属85种,按照资源类型可分为药用植物、观赏植物、多用途植物和其他经济植物5种。其中,药用资源植物共有30科59属73种,分别占研究区科、属、种的93.75%、79.73%、85.88%;多年生草本占主要优势,共63种,占药用植物总种数的86.31%;在入药部位分类中,全草入药类植物最多,为36种,占植物总种数的49.32%;在药物功效中清热药种类最多有32种,占药用植物总数的43.84%。观赏植物23科45属52种,占该区总种数的45.61%,在观赏部位中以观花类植物居多,为39种,占观赏类植物总数的75%,观叶、观色、观姿类植物数量不占优势,分别为6种、3种、1种,食用、蜜源、油料、芳香、造纸等作用类型分布较少。
To clarify the status of wetland plant resources in the Lhasa River basin, a two-year field survey was conducted from 2022 to 2023. The wetland plants in the Lhasa River basin were classified through literature review and other methods. The results showed that there were 85 species of resource plants belonging to 74 genera and 32 families in the study area. According to resource type, they could be classified into medicinal plants, ornamental plants, multi-purpose plants, and other economic plants, among which there are 73 species of medicinal resource plants belonging to 59 genera and 30 families, accounting for 93.75%, 79.73%, and 85.88% of the total families, genera, and species in the study area, respectively. Perennial herbs predominate, with 63 species, accounting for 86.31% of the total number of medicinal plant species. In the classification of medicinal parts, plants with the whole herb used as medicine were the most abundant, with 36 species, accounting for 49.32% of the total number of medicinal plant species. In terms of medicinal effects, heat-clearing drugs were the most abundant, with 32 species, accounting for 43.84% of the total number of medicinal plants. The study documented 52 ornamental species (23 families, 45 genera), representing 45.61% of the regional flora. Floral ornamentals (39 species) constituted the majority (75%). Conversely, species with ornamental value in foliage, color, or habit were marginal (6, 3, and 1 species, respectively). Additional utility types (e.g., edible, melliferous, oleaginous, aromatic, and pulping) were also sparsely distributed.
| [1] |
李伟,崔丽娟,赵欣胜, |
| [2] |
韦翠珍,张佳宝,周凌云.黄河下游河滨湿地不同草本植物群落物种多样性研究[J].湿地科学,2012,10(1):58-64. |
| [3] |
史传奇,徐文静,于少鹏, |
| [4] |
杨乐,李继荣,仓决卓玛.西藏"一江两河"流域越冬黑颈鹤种群数量及分布[J].东北林业大学学报,2016,44(5):70-72+83. |
| [5] |
刘敏杰,李华军.西藏雅鲁藏布江中游河谷黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区珍稀野生动植物资源与保护[J].中南林业调查规划,2020,39(02):57-61. |
| [6] |
宋立东.雅鲁藏布江中游河谷黑颈鹤保护区生态环境质量评价研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2019. |
| [7] |
«全国中草药汇编»编写组.全国中草药汇编[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1975. |
| [8] |
中国药材公司.中国中药资源志要[M].北京:科学出版社,1994. |
| [9] |
青海省药品检验所,青海省藏医药研究所.中国藏药[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1996. |
| [10] |
肖培根.新编中药志[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2001. |
| [11] |
刘永新.国家药典中药实用手册[M].北京:中药古籍出版社,2011. |
| [12] |
张启翔.中国观赏植物种质资源[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2013. |
| [13] |
倪志诚.西藏经济植物[M].北京:北京科学技术出版社,1990. |
| [14] |
郭文场,杨松涛,韩继福, |
| [15] |
任再金.西藏山南地区的蜜源植物资源[J].中国养蜂,1983,(1):25-26. |
| [16] |
中国科学院青藏高原综合科学考察队,西藏自然地理[M].北京:科学出版社,1982. |
| [17] |
闫瑞强.雅鲁藏布江中游黑颈鹤生境适宜性动态变化[D].南京:南京信息工程大学,2017. |
| [18] |
Luczaj, L, Wolanin, M, Drobnik, J, |
| [19] |
夏晨曦,郭文文,屈兴乐, |
| [20] |
拦继酒,罗建.西藏麦地卡湿地自然保护区种子植物资源多样性[J].高原农业,2018,(01):19-25. |
| [21] |
弓莉,罗建,林玲.南迦巴瓦兰科植物多样性及垂直分布格局[J].高原农业,2020,(05):499-505. |
| [22] |
桑吉东知,扎西次仁,次旦, |
| [23] |
许永强.西藏朗县药用植物资源及其多样性研究[D].拉萨:西藏大学,2016. |
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZZK1006)
2023年西藏自治区拉萨市、日喀则市生态质量样地生态地面监测(603323087)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |