基质对长瓣瑞香出苗及幼苗生长的影响
Effects of Seedling Substrates on the Growth and Rooting of Daphnelongilobata Seedlings
为筛选出适合长瓣瑞香幼苗生长的基质及其配比,以期为长瓣瑞香优质壮苗培育提供依据,本试验以长瓣瑞香为研究对象,以腐殖质、园土、椰糠、珍珠岩为基质,研究了不同基质及其配比对长瓣瑞香幼苗的生长、生根和苗木质量的影响。结果表明:(1)在出苗及生长中,T1(腐殖质)株高、地径、叶片含水率、地上生物量最大,分别为13.28 cm、4.77 mm、70.77%、0.621 g;T2(园土)出苗率、茎干含水率最大,为83%、74.43%;T4(珍珠岩∶腐殖质∶园土=1∶1∶1)比叶重最大,为25.93 g/m2。(2)在生根指标中,T1(腐殖质)总根长、根系表面积、根系体积、地下生物量最大,分别为516.7 cm、123.6 cm2、2.54 cm3、0.606 g;T3(椰糠)比根长最大,为2 030 cm/g。(3)通过对比不同处理长瓣瑞香幼苗的苗木质量指数,T1苗木质量指数最大,为0.502,T2苗木质量指数次之,为0.377,其余4种基质培育的长瓣瑞香幼苗苗木质量指数均小于0.25。综上所述,使用腐殖质作为长瓣瑞香育苗基质对其生长较为有利,腐殖质作为基质时长瓣瑞香地上部分和根系发育均最好,苗木质量指数远大于其他基质处理,可见长瓣瑞香是一种较为喜肥的植物,生产中为获得质量较高的苗木,建议选用腐殖质作为长瓣瑞香育苗基质。
This study aimed to identify the optimal substrate and its mixing ratio for the growth of Daphne longilobata seedlings, thereby providing a basis for cultivating high-quality, robust seedlings. Using Daphne longilobata as the test material and humus, garden soil, coconut coir, and perlite as cultivation substrates, the experiment investigated the effects of different substrates and their ratios on seedling growth, root development, and seedling quality. The results showed: (1) Regarding emergence and growth, T1 (humus) achieved the highest values in plant height, ground diameter, leaf water content, and above-ground biomass, measuring 13.28 cm, 4.77 mm, 70.77%, and 0.621 g, respectively; T2 (garden soil) showed the highest emergence rate and stem water content, at 83% and 74.43%, respectively; T4 (perlite: humus: garden soil = 1:1:1) had the greatest specific leaf weight at 25.93 g/m². (2) For rooting parameters, T1 (humus) showed the maximum total root length, root surface area, root volume, and below-ground biomass, reaching 516.7 cm, 123.6 cm², 2.54 cm³, and 0.606 g, respectively; T3 (coconut coir) recorded the highest specific root length at 2,030 cm/g. (3) Based on the calculated seedling quality indices, T1 had the highest index (0.502), followed by T2 (0.377), while the indices for seedlings grown in the other four substrates were all below 0.25. In conclusion, humus as a sole substrate significantly enhanced the morphological growth, physiological performance, and seedling quality of Daphnelongilobata. These findings indicate that Daphnelongilobata responds favorably to nutrient-rich growing media and suggest that humus is a highly effective substrate for cultivating robust seedlings of this species.
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