变应原免疫治疗儿童过敏性鼻炎的研究进展

Research Progress on Allergen Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis in Children

摘要

过敏性鼻炎(AR)在儿童中的发病率持续上升,严重影响患儿的生活质量与学习状态。变应原免疫治疗(AIT)作为目前唯一能够改变AR自然病程的干预方法,在儿童中应用日益广泛。本文概述了儿童AR的诊断及AIT的种类、适应证与禁忌证,重点阐述了AIT治疗AR的临床疗效、安全性和治疗策略。规范开展AIT有助于实现AR长期症状控制,而提倡个性化管理和提升治疗依从性是疾病预防和管理的关键。

Abstract

The incidence of allergic rhinitis (AR) in children continues to increase, significantly affecting the quality of life and academic performance of children. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is currently the only intervention that can change the natural course of AR, and it is increasingly being applied in children. This article outlines the diagnosis of AR in children, as well as the types, indications, and contraindications of AIT. It particularly emphasizes the clinical efficacy, safety, and treatment strategies of AIT for AR. Standardized implementation of AIT helps achieve long-term symptom control of AR and prevent disease progression, while advocating for personalized management and improving treatment compliance are crucial for disease prevention and management.

关键词

过敏性鼻炎 / 儿童 / 变应原免疫治疗 / 个体化治疗

Key words

allergic rhinitis (AR) / children / allergen immunotherapy (AIT) / individualized treatment

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基金资助

湖北儿科联盟医学科研项目(HBPAMRP202116)

宜昌市医疗卫生研究项目(A20-2-012)