This paper first establishes a class of infectious disease model with high and low risk susceptible persons and infected persons who are unconscious. Secondly, the basic regeneration number is obtained by the next generation matrix method, the stability of the equilibrium point is analyzed by Hurwitz criterion and LaSalle invariant set principle, and the backward bifurcation is proved by the central prevalence theorem. Then, the optimal control problem corresponding to the model is studied using the Pontryagin maximum principle. Finally, the above theory is verified by numerical simulation, and the sensitivity analysis of parameters is carried out, and the influence of parameters on the basic regeneration number is discussed. The results showed that enhancing the awareness of infected people and vaccinating high-risk susceptible people could effectively control the spread of infectious diseases.
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