In order to investigate the effects of humoral immunity and induction of apoptosis in uninfected cells by infected cells on viral transmission, this paper presents a dynamic model of viral infection with humoral immunity, cell-to-cell transmission and apoptosis rate. Firstly, the non-negativity and boundedness of the model solutions are given, and the basic reproduction number R0 and the humoral immune activation basic reproduction number RH of the model are obtained by simple calculations. Secondly, the local and global asymptotic stability of the disease-free equilibrium and the immune response free equilibrium are proved by using the Routh-Hurwitz criterion and Lyapunov-LaSalle theorem. Finally, by numerical simulation verified the correctness of the theoretical results, and the increase in apoptosis rate was found to have a positive effect on the control of viral infection.
众所周知,病毒与疾病密切相关,大多数的传染病都是由病毒引起的。例如人类免疫缺陷病毒(Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV)、乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B Virus, HBV)、丙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis C Virus, HCV)、埃博拉病毒(Ebola)、COVID-19等。病毒传播主要有病毒对细胞感染[1]和细胞间传播[2]两种途径。因此,在建立数学模型时,不仅要考虑病毒对细胞的感染,也要考虑细胞间的传播。例如Guo等[3]建立了一个细胞间传播和病毒对细胞感染的HIV感染动力学模型,发现细胞间传播明显增加了感染细胞浓度。Pan等[4]讨论了一个包括感染和传播途径的HCV感染模型,并对四种不同的HCV模型进行了数值解释。Wang等[5]和Luo等[6]对细胞间传播和病毒对细胞感染进行了研究,发现随着细胞传播率的增加,感染细胞和病毒粒子浓度增加,健康细胞浓度减少。
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