巨噬细胞在缺血再灌注损伤和再生中的机制研究进展

Advances in research on the mechanisms of macrophages in ischemia-reperfusion injury and regeneration

摘要

缺血再灌注损伤是一个极其复杂的病理生理过程，广泛发生于器官移植、心肌梗死、卒中等过程。巨噬细胞作为免疫系统核心，在缺血再灌注后损伤和再生中起着至关重要的作用。经典激活的M1型巨噬细胞介导早期炎症风暴与组织损伤，而替代激活的M2型巨噬细胞则主导后期的炎症消退、组织修复与再生。巨噬细胞表型之间的动态平衡对于缺血再灌注损伤的结局十分重要。本文综述了巨噬细胞在缺血再灌注损伤和再生中的作用，包括巨噬细胞在缺血再灌注损伤中的双重角色、调控巨噬细胞动态极化的复杂网络。此外，本文重点评述了缺血再灌注损伤中靶向巨噬细胞的多种潜在治疗策略，旨在为缺血再灌注损伤和再生的相关研究提供参考。

Abstract

Ischemia reperfusion injury is an extremely complex pathophysiological process that occurs widely in organ transplantation, myocardial infarction, stroke and other procedures. Macrophages, as central players in the immune system, has a crucial role in injury regeneration following ischemia-reperfusion. Classically activated M1 macrophages mediate the early inflammatory storm and tissue damage, while alternatively activated M2 macrophages dominate the later stages of inflammation resolution, tissue repair and regeneration. The dynamic balance between macrophage phenotypes is critical for the outcome of ischemia-reperfusion injury. This review summarized the role of macrophages in ischemia-reperfusion injury and regeneration, covering their dual roles in ischemia-reperfusion injury and in the complex networks regulating their dynamic polarization. Furthermore, the review highlighted various potential therapeutic strategies targeting macrophages in ischemia-reperfusion injury, aiming to provide insights for research related to ischemia-reperfusion injury and regeneration.

关键词

巨噬细胞 / 缺血再灌注损伤 / 再生 / 免疫调控 / 代谢重编程 / 细胞疗法

Key words

macrophages / ischemia reperfusion injury / regeneration / immunoregulation / metabolic reprogramming / cell therapy

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基金资助

国家科技重大专项(2024ZD0529000)