甘肃省陇南市人群教育程度及碘营养状况与甲状腺结节的关系

王佳蕾; 路翔; 赵彩芳; 吴小银; 余燕妮; 李郁卓; 马承旭; 滕卫平; 单忠艳; 傅松波

doi:10.13885/j.issn.2097-681X.M20251673

兰州大学学报（医学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (3) : 38 -43. DOI: 10.13885/j.issn.2097-681X.M20251673

临床研究

甘肃省陇南市人群教育程度及碘营养状况与甲状腺结节的关系

王佳蕾 ^1a^,² ,
路翔 ^1a^,² ,
赵彩芳 ^1a^,² ,
吴小银 ^1b ,
余燕妮 ^1a^,² ,
李郁卓 ^1a^,² ,
马承旭 ^1a^,² ,
滕卫平 ³ ,
单忠艳 ³ ,
傅松波 ^1a^,²

作者信息 +

Association between educational level，iodine nutrition status and thyroid nodules in the population of Longnan，Gansu Province

Jialei WANG ^1a^,² ,
Xiang LU ^1a^,² ,
Caifang ZHAO ^1a^,² ,
Xiaoyin WU ^1b ,
Yanni YU ^1a^,² ,
Yuzhuo LI ^1a^,² ,
Chengxu MA ^1a^,² ,
Weiping TENG ³ ,
Zhongyan SHAN ³ ,
Songbo FU ^1a^,²

Author information +

文章历史 +

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摘要

目的探讨甘肃省陇南市居民教育程度、碘营养状况与甲状腺结节的关联性。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样法，选取甘肃省陇南市汉族人群为研究对象，通过调查问卷，尿碘检测及超声检查收集数据，分析不同教育程度及碘营养状况下甲状腺结节的患病现状，并探索甲状腺结节的影响因素。结果该市居民甲状腺结节的患病率为 18.8%，男性、女性的患病率分别为 13.8%、22.9%，女性高于男性（P<0.05）。不同教育程度及尿碘浓度中位数分组下，随着受教育程度的提高，尿碘浓度中位数呈逐渐升高趋势，甲状腺结节患病率呈逐渐下降趋势，甲状腺功能异常人群的占比逐渐下降（P<0.05）。甲状腺结节患者中，甲状腺功能异常者占47.5%，无甲状腺结节患者中，甲状腺功能异常者占31.9%（P<0.05）。高龄与吸烟史是甲状腺结节发生发展的重要影响因素。结论甘肃省陇南市人群甲状腺结节患病率在碘缺乏人群中最高，在碘过量人群中最低，且随着教育程度的提高，甲状腺结节的患病率逐渐下降。

Abstract

Objective To explore the correlation between the educational level，iodine nutritional status and thyroid nodules of residents in Longnan，Gansu Province．Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to select the Han population in Longnan，Gansu Province as the study sub- jects．Data were collected through questionnaires，urine iodine detection and ultrasound examination to ana- lyze the prevalence status of thyroid nodules under different educational levels and iodine nutritional status， and to explore the influencing factors of thyroid nodules．Results The prevalence rate of thyroid nodules among residents in this city was 18.8%，and those for men and women were 13.8% and 22.9% respectively．The prevalence rate for women was higher that that for men（P<0.05）．Regarding different educational attain- ment and median urinary iodine concentration groups，with the increase of educational attainment the median urinary iodine concentration showed a gradually increasing trend，the prevalence of thyroid nodules showed a gradually decreasing trend，and the proportion of the population with abnormal thyroid function gradually de- creased（P<0.05）．Among patients with thyroid nodules，47.5% had abnormal thyroid function．Among pa- tients without thyroid nodules，31.9% had abnormal thyroid function（P<0.05）．Advanced age and smoking history were important influencing factors for the occurrence and development of thyroid nodules．Conclusion The prevalence of thyroid nodules was the highest in iodine-deficient populations and the lowest in io- dine-excessive populations in Longnan，Gansu Province．Additionally，as education level increased，the prevalence of thyroid nodules gradually decreased．

关键词

甲状腺结节 / 尿碘浓度 / 教育水平 / 血脂异常 / 患病率 / 流行病学 / 危险因素 / 甲状腺功能

Key words

thyroid nodules / urinary iodine concentration / educational level / dyslipidemia / prevalence / epide- miology / hazard / thyroid function

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王佳蕾,路翔,赵彩芳,吴小银,余燕妮,李郁卓,马承旭,滕卫平,单忠艳,傅松波. 甘肃省陇南市人群教育程度及碘营养状况与甲状腺结节的关系[J]. 兰州大学学报（医学版）, 2026, 52(3): 38-43 DOI:10.13885/j.issn.2097-681X.M20251673

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