金属-纤维增强树脂基复合材料的界面改性技术与增强机制研究进展
Research progress on interface modification techniques and reinforcement mechanisms for metal-fiber reinforced resin matrix composites
由金属与纤维增强聚合物(fiber reinforced polymer, FRP)复合形成的金属-纤维增强树脂基复合材料,作为新一代轻量化多功能材料,在航空航天、新能源汽车及高端装备制造等领域展现出重大应用潜力。该复合材料的界面结合状态是决定其优异力学性能的核心要素,然而金属与树脂基体间存在的润湿性不足、化学键合作用弱、热膨胀系数差异导致的热残余应力高以及热-力耦合载荷下的界面脱粘失效等问题,严重制约了跨尺度异质材料间的应力传递效率与结构长期服役的可靠性。通过金属表面处理和功能层引入等界面改性技术,可显著提高金属与FRP复合材料的界面结合强度、应力传递效率和耐久性,进而优化复合结构的整体性能。本文系统综述了金属-FRP界面改性的关键技术与研究进展,并展望了未来发展趋势。
Metal-fiber reinforced resin matrix composites formed by combining metals with fiber reinforced polymers(FRP) represent a new generation of lightweight, multifunctional materials demonstrating significant application potential in aerospace, new energy vehicles, and high-end equipment manufacturing. The interfacial bonding state of this composite is the core factor determining its superior mechanical properties. However, issues such as insufficient wettability between metal and resin matrix, weak chemical bonding interactions, high thermal residual stresses due to differing thermal expansion coefficients, and interfacial debonding failure under thermo-mechanical coupled loads severely limit stress transfer efficiency between cross-scale heterogeneous materials and compromise long-term structural reliability. Interface modification techniques, such as metal surface treatment and functional layer introduction, can significantly enhance the interface bonding strength, stress transfer efficiency, and durability between metals and FRP composites, thereby optimizing the overall performance of composite structures. This paper systematically reviews key technologies and research progress in metal-FRP interface modification and outlines future development trends.
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国家自然科学基金(12402159)
黑龙江省重点研发计划(2024ZX06A08)
国家资助博士后研究人员计划B档(GZB20240961)
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