中医经典理论联合CBL在小学期见习中的临床教学探索
邱文超 , 庄敏之 , 朱艳 , 周菲 , 李全耀 , 郭兆玮 , 吴悦晨 , 李溪 , 施俊
中医教育 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4) : 44 -48.
中医经典理论联合CBL在小学期见习中的临床教学探索
Exploration of clinical teaching in short-term clinical observation using integrated traditional Chinese medicine classical theory and CBL
小学期见习是医学生接触临床的起点,旨在初步培养中医认知与临床诊治能力。针对见习中存在经典理论碎片化、临床实践薄弱、学生主动性不足等问题,提出并探索应用中医经典理论联合以基于案例教学法(case-based learning,CBL)教学模式。联合教学模式以“三阶梯”渐进式教学为框架,在临床见习各环节深度融合中医经典条文解析与真实病例研讨。具体实施路径:①基础奠基,强化经典诵读、理论精讲与基础技能(问诊、读图)要点学习;②互动深化,通过案例导入、情景模拟进行经典与临床的互动研讨;③实践升华,学生在教师指导下进行真实接诊、辨证、处方及读图实践。联合教学模式旨在强化学生对中医经典理论的记忆、理解与临床运用能力,培养中医思维模式,提升实战技能与学习主动性。初步实践表明,联合教学模式能够提升见习效果,为医学生后续临床工作奠定基础。
Short-term clinical observation during the short semester is the starting point for medical students to engage with clinical practice, aiming to cultivate preliminary cognition of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and basic clinical diagnostic and therapeutic abilities. In response to problems observed in current clinical observation, such as fragmented understanding of classical theories, insufficient clinical practice, and limited student initiative, this study proposes and explores a teaching approach integrating traditional Chinese medicine classical theory with case-based learning (CBL). Based on a progressive “three-stage ladder” teaching framework, this method deeply integrates interpretation of TCM classical texts with discussion of real clinical cases throughout the stages of clinical observation. The implementation includes three stages: ① foundation building—strengthening classical text recitation, focused explanation of theoretical knowledge, and learning of basic clinical skills such as inquiry and image interpretation; ② interactive deepening—introducing cases and scenario simulations to facilitate interactive discussions linking classical theory with clinical practice; and ③ practice enhancement—students conduct real patient consultation, syndrome differentiation, prescription formulation, and image interpretation under teacher guidance. This teaching method aims to strengthen students’ memorization, understanding and application of classical knowledge, cultivate the thinking pattern of traditional Chinese medicine, and enhance practical clinical skills as well as learning initiative. Preliminary practice indicates that this approach effectively bridges the gap between theory and clinical practice, improves the effectiveness of clinical observation, and lays a foundation for subsequent clinical work.
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同济大学附属上海市第四人民医院教学研究与改革项目(SY-XKZT-2024-6011)
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